In order to develop the theoretical foundations of the approach to analysis and prediction of anthropogenic impact on atmosphere of industrial city and development of a new scheme of modelling properties of fields of the polluting substances concentrations by means of a chaos theory, we present an analysis of physical aspects for reconstruction of the phase space (air basin) and advanced conception of Lyapunov’s dimensions.
In this paper, the estimation and analysis of air pollution Nikolaev from 2004 – 2011, on the basis of monitoring data. Classification of air pollution based indicator of air pollution.
The estimation of the contribution of emissions from the enterprises of Odessa in the formation of air pollution with nitrogen dioxide in four wind directions: north, east, south, west, is presented. These results can serve a basis for determination of the most dangerous industries in adverse weather conditions considering the air mass transfer in order to regulate their activities to prevent pollution of the city.
On the basis of the theory of chaos, in particular, correlation dimension method and the Grossberger-Procaccia algorithm, is has been performed the analysis of time series of concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in Gdynia (Gdansk region) and calculated spectrum of the correlation dimension, that confirms the existence of a chaos existence. The resulting numerical estimates are consistent with the data from the spectrum of Lyapunov dimensionі, Kaplan-York dimension and Kolmogorov entropy. The estimation of the limit of predictability for the method of the short-termed forecast is given.
The background of natural medicinal resources cadaster considering specificity of balneology was analyzed, the informational system for accumulation, systematization of existing data on the NMR and expansion of processing tasks was developed.
The paper discusses the ecosystem functioning boundary conditions of wetland “Kartal Lake” and in this context it is defined its optimal level regime.
It is carried out a multifractal analysis of temporal sets for the Arctic, Antarctic and Southern oscillation index, indexes within a multi-fractal formalism with using the Grassberger-Procaccia algorithm.
Model describing the changes of concentrations of 7Ве in the surface layer in the region of Miami was offered. The model uses the third-order polynomial on the three variables: temperature, amount of precipitation, number of days with thunderstorms in the month. This model allows to predict the process under study in two steps (years).
In the article describes the main displays of regional climate change in the Transcarpathian region in the modern period. Showed results of the analysis change the climate system during the last twenty years (1991-2010) of relatively climatic norm (1961-1990). Identified regional features of changes thermal regime, the regime of humidity and extreme weather events.
The analysis of the main characteristics of climate in Minsk and regularities of their change during natural development and anthropogenic transformation of urban environment is given. The received results can be used in practice of rational environmental management for adoption of competent administrative decisions on optimization of functioning and development of the capital of Belarus taking into account possible variations of climate.
Using mathematical model, the estimation of the productivity of agro-climatic resources in Ukraine in relation to the cultivation of tomatoes has been performed. The analysis of the hydrothermal regime of crops of tomatoes and of the increments of different ecological types of yields has been performed.
It is proposed a new approach to non-linear forecasting chaotic processes in hydrological systems, which is based on conception of compact geometrical attractor and neural networks algorithm. The proposed approach has been applied to forecasting the nitrates concentration evolution in some Small Carpathian watersheds.
This article reviews scientific and methodological approaches to establish the design characteristics of rain flood in the territory of South Ukraine.
The evaluation of long-term temporal changes in meteorological factors and runoff characteristics of the spring flood of basins rivers Desna and other left tributary of the Dnieper, and offers recommendations for these changes in the territorially general method for forecasting of maximum runoff of spring flood.
It was identified and trained dependence of dehydrating by evaporation from the whole water area and individual parts, on the basis of the generalized real hydrometeorological information for 55 years of reservoirs operation.
On the basis of real meteorological data generalization and analysis of indicators of evaporation from the water surface of Kremenchug reservoir during its operation were held.
The variability of the hydrological-hydrochemical conditions of the Kuyalnik liman during the last 15 years was analyzed on the basis of experimental data and results of direct observations. Natural factors can not stabilize the current water-salt and hydrochemical conditions of the Kuyalnik liman over long periods. Replenishment of the liman with water from the external sources will not lead to radical changes of its balneal and recreational qualities.
Approaches of beforehand assessment of spring flood runoff at Pripyat – Mozyr based on typology of spring flood hydrographs which characterize features of its formation development processes are considered. Elaboration of type schemes of distribution in time of spring runoff aiming to receive a long-time forecast was done with approximation and based on statistic processing and analysis of long-term data of hydrometric observations (1881 – 2009 years).
In the article description is given long-term changes of flow and repetition of floods in cold and warm periods of year in the river basin of Tisza (within Ukraine), tendencies in the changes of these indexes in a modern period (1991-2011) in relation to the period of climatic norm (1961-1990).
Features of space-time changes of hydrochemical marks of lower part of the Dniester estuary for period of 2007-2010 due to natural and human factors influence are given. Results of water quality estimation by different methods and estimation of water quality compliance to standards are presented.
The generalization of the real hydro and morphometric information on the waters of the Kakhovka reservoir, comparison and analysis of results.
The paper discusses the issues of redistribution of modern runoff on the branches of the Danube Delta and its possible changes in the conditions of new engineering works.
The mode of biogene and organic substances of the small rivers of the city of Chernovtsy is investigated. It is established, that owing to anthropogenous influence concentration of mineral compounds of nitrogen raised, their annual dynamics and ratios of forms of the content in river waters changed. Extent of growth of the content of organic and biogene substance was defined by level of anthropogenous influence on basins of the rivers.
It is discussed the effects of seasonal variability of temperature on the developmental character of autotrophic components of marine plankton. An automodel equation of realization of biotic potential (µ/µm) by connection with tolerance range indices is formulated: µ/µm = f(Tmin, Tm, Тopt, Q). A physico-geographical model of µ/µm formation in different latitudes is developed, in which this index is used as a mathematic function. It is discussed ecologic strategies and effects of suppression of autotrophs by a seasonal trend of temperature variability. Examples are given.
Seasonal oscillations of the ocean level in Pacific between 40N and 40S associated with the monsoon activity are considered. The database includes 34 continental and island stations. The largest seasonal ocean level oscillations occur in the north-western part of the Pacific and are of about 400 mm, while in the south-eastern part seasonal variations equal to 70 mm. In the Central Pacific the ocean level changes are minimal and as large as about 40 mm. In a case of overlaying the seasonal variations and the South oscillation the total ocean level changes can achieve up to 700 mm.
Subtle differences temperature variability of different time scales in the sea off the coast of Odessa and in the shallow Dofinovsky estuary are revealed on a base of annual series of measurements with a half-hour measuring resolution. When conditions of the solar radiation – the main factor of the temperature variability – are almost identical these differences are determined by morphometry of a bodies of water. Morphometry features of water transform the results of the meteorological factors, including the same solar radiation. Two interesting features of the variability in water temperature under the ice are revealed.
The nature of the formation of the Black Sea surfaces circulation is examined on the hydrological surveys in the spring (April), summer (July), autumn (September) and winter (February-March) seasons. The main role of the river freshet in the formation of the Black Sea surfaces circulation and the consecutive seasonal development of its intensity at the first – the western gyre (April), and then – the eastern gyre (September) is shown as by the climatic and the specific hydrological surveys.
The paper analyzes the inter-annual variability in oil content in the surface layer of the Odessa region north-west of the Black Sea in connection to the same variabilities in water temperature, salinity, mineral forms of nitrogen and phosphorus and the flow Dnieper in 1988-2012.
The paper analyzes the results of observations of currents of the summer 2009 and 2012 in the coastal zone of the Odessa region north-west of the Black Sea.