- redactor@odeku.edu.ua
- +38 0482 326 758
References
- Dmytrenko V. P., Odnolyetok L. P., Kryvoshein О. О., Krukivska A. V. Development of the methodology of estimating of agricultural crop yield potential with consideration of climate and agrophytotechnology impac
- Grigoryan A. T. Altitude and zonal regularities and agro-ecological estimation of bioclimatic rhythms in Armenia
Papers
In the paper it is outlined the main methodological positions and the results of the approbation of new approaches to the integrated assessment of the potential of crop yields.
There are considered the theoretical foundations of a joint assessment of the biological, ecological and anthropogenic components of the yield potential of agricultural crops which are based on the ecosystem concept and the mathematical model “Weather-Crop Yield” developed by V. P. Dmytrenko. In the considered approaches the peculiarities of the influence of various environmental factors on the formation of crop yields are determined by indicators of various potential yields – general, climatic and trend (agrotechnological). Each type of yield potential can be used for evaluation of the effectiveness of the conditions of field crop growing for each factor taken into account, as well as the optimality criterion in the agrometeorological adaptation strategies and also as a criterion for the degree of sensitivity of the yield level to the conditions of crops cultivating.
The developed approaches are tested on the example of estimation of long-term dynamics of winter wheat yield potential in Ukraine. According to the results of the evaluation of different factors of the potential of the productivity of winter wheat for the periods 1961-1990 and 1991-2010 the dominant importance of organizational and technological processes in comparison with the contribution of changes of agroclimatic conditions has been determined in both periods.
- Dmitrenko V. P. Mathematical model of productivity of agricultural crops. Trudy UkrNIGMI – Works of UHMI, 1973, vol. 122, pp. 3-13. (In Russian)
- Dmitrenko V. P. About the models of crop yields calculation with consideration of hydrometeorological factors. Meteorologiya i gidrologiya – Meteorology and Hydrology, 1971, № 5, pp. 84-91. (In Russian)
- Dmitrenko V. P., Berdnik A. A. Statistical model of the geographical maximum of crop yields. Trudy UkrNIGMI Works of UHMI, 1974, vol. 131, pp. 11-23. (In Russian)
- Tooming Kh. G. Ekologicheskiye printsipy maksimalnoy produktivnosti posevov [Ecological principles of maximum crop productivity]. Leningrad: Hydrometeoizdat, 1984. 264 p.
- Tooming Kh. G. Method of standard yields. Vestn. s.-kh. nauki – Proceedings of agricultural science, 1982, no. 3 (306), pp. 89-94. (In Russian)
- Dmytrenko V. P. Pohoda, klimat i urozhay pol’ovykh kul’tur [Weather, climate and crop yields]. Kyiv: Nika-Tsentr, 2010. 620 p.
- Dmytrenko V. P. Principles and means of determination of potential crop yields on ecological and geographical bases. Nauk. pratsi UkrNDHMI – Scientific Works of UHMI, 2005, vol. 254, pp. 9-29. (In Ukrainian)
- Investigation of the influence of regional climatic changes in Ukraine on the properties of agroecosystems and mechanisms of their adaptation for intermittent variability of agrometeorological conditions and adverse events. Re-port about bresearch work, № 01124004652, 2012 (In Ukrainian, unpublished)
- Antomonov Yu. G. Modelirovaniye biologicheskikh sistem. Spravochnik [Modeling of biological systems. Directory]. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1977, 260 p.
- Yuzbashev M. M., Manellya A. I. Statisticheskiy analiz tendentsiy i koleblenosti [Statistical analysis of trends and fluctuations]. Moscow: Finance and statistics, 1983, 208 p.
The article includes the data of long-term monitoring observations taken from 60 meteorological stations located at 450-3200 m above the sea level. It presents the results of study of time of occurrence, duration and spatial variability of bioclimatic rhythms of main ecotypes of agricultural crops under the conditions of high altitudes of the Republic of Armenia. It was found out that vertical gradients of the average periods of main phases of grow of winter wheat, potatoes, grapes and livestock pasturage within highland pastures fluctuate within 3-5 days / 100 m. Agro-ecological conditions for bioclimatic rhythms along high-altitude zones are estimated. The high-altitude regularities are determined and correlation dependence curves of time of occurrence of bioclimatic rhythms from absolute altitude are identified with specification of ways for optimizing heat and moisture availability and productivity of these crops. The probability of crop damage from drought, frosts in different periods of vegetation is calculated. Agro-climatic parameters of critical periods of growth and development of crops under study within high-altitude zones are determined which makes it possible to ensure production of stable and high yields. It became clear that the highest altitude for obtaining two crops a year after harvesting early spring grains, vegetables, potatoes is 1400 m above the sea level – in arid regions and 1200 m – in wet regions. It is proposed to develop a natural conveyor for fresh vegetables, potatoes, maize, fruit, dairy and other products using the vertical zonality of crops ripening and livestock pasturage within the summer pasture zone.
- Mkrtchyan R. S., Arustamyan Sh. A., Khachatryan L. A. Agrometeorologicheskie usloviya formirovaniya urozhaya ozimoy pshenitsy i metodika ego prognoza v ArmSSR [Agrometeorological Conditions for the Production of Win-ter Wheat Crop and its Prognosis in the Armenian SSR]. Moscow, 1984. 154 p.
- Reymers N. F. Prirodopol’zovanie: slovar’-spravochnik [Natural use: vocabulary directory]. Moscow: Publ. Mysl’, 1990. 638 p.
- Sistema Vedeniya Sel’skogo Khozyaystva Armenii [The system of agriculture in Armenia]. Erevan: Publ. Ayastan, 1988. 695 p. (Ed.: Melkonyan M. S.)
- Shnelle F. Fenologiya rasteniy [Phenology of plants]. Leningrad, 1961. 259 p.
- Shchegoleva S. V., Tavrovskiy V. A. Fenologicheskie nablyudeniya, organizatsiya i obrabotka [Phenological observations, organization and processing]. Leningrad: Nauka, 1982. 220 p.
- Agroklimaticheskie resursy ArmSSR [Agroclimatic resources of the Armenian SSR]. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1976. 388 p.
- Gringof I. G., Kleshchenko A. D. Osnovy sel’skokhozyaystvennoy meteorologii. T. 1 [Fundamentals of Agricultural Meteorology. Vol. 1]. Obninsk, 2011. 806 p.
- Mkrtchyan R. S., Arustamyan Sh. A. Optimum timing of winter wheat sowing in the Armenian SSR. Izd-vo s/kh nauk MSKh ArmSSR – Publ. of Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of Armenian SSR, 1973, no. 7, pp. 29-37. (In Russian)
- Arutyunyan A. F., Mkrtchyan R. S. Principles of assessment of the climate potential of development and specialization of viticulture in mountainous regions of Armenia. Vinogradarstvo i vinodelie. Izd-vo PF – Viticulture and Winemaking. Publ. PF, 2002, no. 1, pp. 34-37. (In Russian)