An important element of climate change is to assess changes in agro-climatic growing conditions of crops and the impact of these changes on their performance. Agriculture is the most vulnerable sector of Ukraine’s economy to fluctuations and climate change. Given the inertial nature of agriculture and the dependence of the efficiency on the weather, now need to make timely and adequate solutions to complex problems caused by climate change. Due to the expected increase in air temperature of the Northern Hemisphere food security Ukraine will largely depend on how effectively adapting agriculture to future climate change. This includes advance assessment of the impact of the expected climate change on agro-climatic conditions for growing crops. Potatoes – perennial, herbaceous, plant, but in nature is treated as an annual plant, so that the life cycle, beginning with germination and ending with the formation of bubbles and the formation of mature tubers, is one growing season. Potato is one of the most important crops grown and diversified use in almost all parts of our country. But the main focus areas of potatoes in Polesie and Forest-steppe.
We consider the relative performance of the photosynthetic productivity of potato and agro-climatic conditions for growing potatoes for the period 1986 to 2005, and expected their changes calculated by the climate change scenarios A1B and A2 for the period 2011 to 2050 in Eastern and Western Forest-Steppe. We consider the agro-meteorological and agro-climatic conditions in which there may be a maximum performance of potato.
The comparative characteristics of the thermal regime of the air in Ukraine for the period until 2030 years are considered. Early onset dates transition temperature at 0, 5, 10 and 15 C in the spring is expecting. Later in the fall, the overall increase in average temperature, total temperature and their amplitudes.
Considered changing agro-climatic conditions of grapes cultivation in the northern Black Sea region. The estimation of winegrapes phenology offset in the implementation of climate scenarios. Based on the model of grapes productivity forming was done assessment of the yield due to possible climate change.
The analysis of the main characteristics of climate in Minsk and regularities of their change during natural development and anthropogenic transformation of urban environment is given. The received results can be used in practice of rational environmental management for adoption of competent administrative decisions on optimization of functioning and development of the capital of Belarus taking into account possible variations of climate.
Integrated multi-scale modelling concept of urban environment, air pollution, climate change and human health interactions for megacities and overview of integrated modelling frameworks for global to street scale realized in European FP7 project MEGAPOLI and several following research projects, are described in this paper.
Based on analysis of observational materials of 175 meteorological stations of Ukraine by comparing the average long-term characteristics of weather and agrometeorological indicators of temperature it were identified trends of changes for the period from 1890 to 2030 -2040 ys.