- redactor@odeku.edu.ua
- +38 0482 326 758
Year: 2018 / Issue: 21
References
- Youssef El Hadri, V.M. Khokhlov Simulation of regional climate models of total cloud fraction in Morocco for the period of 2020-2050
- V.G. Margaryan, M.S. Mkhitaryan Assessment and analysis of heat provision vulnerability in the main wine-producing region of Armenia (Ararat valley and foot-hill area) within the context of expected climate change
- N.V. Danilova Evaluation of the influence of climate change on the productivity of millet in the central part of Ukraine
- N.S. Loboda, Ya.S. Yarov Evaluation of influence of irrigation using the resources of donor river (the Dniester) on characteristics of the annual water runoff of the Baraboy River
- N.S. Loboda, N.D. Otchenash, O.M. Hryb Description of artificial reservoirs within the catchment area of the Great Kuyalnik river and regulation of their operation at the present time and in future
- Ya. S. Yarov, N. S. Loboda Influence of long-term donor irrigation on quality of underground water in the South-steppe zone of Ukraine (case of the Baraboy River, Odessa region)
- Yu. S. Tuchkovenko, O. A. Tuchkovenko The model of eutrophication of marine and estuarine ecosystems in the northwest Black Sea region
- N. Berlinsky Hydrological factors of formation of oxygen regime of inland seas
- T.A. Safranov, Ye. A. Cherkez, S.M. Shatalin Evaluation of the extent of favourableness of the territory of the Оdesa region for placement of solid household waste landfills
- V.I. Mykhailenko, T.P. Shanina, T.A. Safranov Main sources of unintentional production of persistent organic pollutants (the case of Оdesa)
Papers
Simulation of regional climate models of total cloud fraction in Morocco for the period of 2020-2050
The Moroccan energy system is highly dependent on external energy markets. The use of solar energy is one of the most promising ways in the development of renewable energy sources. At the moment, there are several scenarios for the development of renewable energy in Morocco diverging only in quantitative assessments. All of them are aimed at increasing the generation of green energy, from the complete satisfaction of all needs of Moroccan consumers to the opportunity of exporting some of its environmentally friendly electricity to Europe. Estimation of energy efficiency of solar installations is usually carried out on the basis of calculations of solar radiation arrival in the presence of cloudless sky. Clouds significantly reduce amount of solar radiation and sunshine duration.
This study is aimed at determination of possible quantitative parameters of the total cloud cover and the areas in which the cloud cover would have the least impact on the amount of incoming solar radiation in Morocco in 2020-2050. The article presents the results of simulation of total cloud fraction using 11 regional climate models of CORDEX project for the period of 2020-2050 in Morocco. For the period of 2020-2050 the average values of total cloud fraction on the territory of Morocco will have the smallest values within the plains located near the border with Algeria on the territory of the prefecture of Sous-Massa lying at the foot of the southern slopes of the Anti-Atlas. The analysis of the annual regime of total cloud fraction showed that in the future it will be of a different nature in different parts of the country due to various factors affecting its formation. The area with the smallest volumes of monthly total cloud fraction will lie within the territory the southern part of prefecture Draa-Tafilalet and prefectures Sous-Massa, Guelmim-Oued Noun, Laayoune-Sakia El Hamra, Dakhla-Oued Ed-Dahab excluding their coastal parts of the Atlantic Ocean.
In the future most of the territory of Morocco will be characterized by a low amount of total cloud fraction, which, in its turn, will have an insignificant effect on the amount of solar radiation entering to the underlying surface of these areas. In terms of solar power, the best conditions will exist at the southern parts of Morocco, excluding the coast where the total cloud fraction will have the least impact on the amount of solar radiation reaching the earth’s surface and on sunshine duration.
- Roadmap for a renewable energy future. Available at: www.irena.org/DocumentDownloads/Publications/IRENA_REmap_2016_edition_summary.pdf (accessed: 10.01.2017)
- Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory and Krzhizhanovsky Power Engineering Institute. (1987). Rekomendatsii po opredeleniyu klimaticheskikh kharakteristik gelioenergeticheskikh resursov na territorii SSSR. [Recommendations for determining the climatic characteristics of solar energy resources on the territory of the USSR]. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat. (in Russ.)
- Popel, O.S., Frid, S.E., Kiseleva, S.V., Kolomiets, Ju.G., Lisitskaya, N.V. (2010). Klimaticheskie dannye dlya vozobnovlyaemoy energetiki Rossii (baza klimaticheskikh dannykh) [Climatic data for renewable energy in Russia (climate data base)]. Мoscow: Publ. MIPT. (in Russ.)
- Sevastyanova, L.M., Nikolchenko, Yu.N. (2012). [Potential wind and solar energy resources in the Altai Territory]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Bulletin of Tomsk State University], 365, 187-193. (in Russ.)
- Shakirov, V.A., Artemyev, A.Yu. (2014). [Method of accounting for the effect of cloudiness on the flux of solar radiation from the meteorological data archives]. Sistemy. Metody. Tekhnologii [Systems. Methods. Technologies], 4(24), 79-83. (in Russ.)
- Alisov, B.P., Poltaraus, B.V. (1974). Klimatologiya [Climatology]. Moscow: MSU. (in Russ.)
- Born, K., Christoph, M., Fink, A.H., Knippertz, P., Paeth, H., Speth, P. (2008). Moroccan climate in the present and future: combined view from observational data and regional climate scenarios. In: F.H. Zereini, A.A. Hötzl (Eds). Climatic Changes and Water Resources in the Middle East and North Africa: Part of the series Environmental Science and Engineering, pp. 29-45.
- IS-ENES climate4impact portal. Available at: https://climate4impact.eu/ (accessed: 23.09.2017)
- Pavlova, T.V., Katsov, V.M., Meleshko, V.P., Shkolnik, I. M., Govorkova, V.A., Nadezhina, E.D. (2014). [A new generation of climate models]. Trudy GGO im. A. I. Voeykova [Proceedings of Voeikov Main Geophisical Observatory], 575, 5-64. (in Russ.)
- Marzol, M.V., Sánchez, J.L., Yanes, A. (2011). Meteorological patterns and fog water collection in Morocco and the Canary Islands. Erdkunde, 65(3), 291–303.
- Slizhe, M.O., Semergey-Chumachenko, A.B., El Hadri, Youssef. (2016). [Current distribution of wind in Morocco]. Ukraïnsʹkij gìdrometeorologìčnij žurnal [Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal], 17, 61-69. (in Russ.)
The paper reviews and assesses heat provision conditions of Armenia’s main wine-producing region (Ararat Valley and foothill area), analyzes the patterns of temporal distribution of heat provision and determines how they are affected by the global climate change.
It demonstrates increase of active temperatures observed in the main wine-producing region.
- Baghdasaryan, A.B. (1958). The climate of Armenian SSR. Yrevan: Publ. House of the Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences.
- Ayvazyan, P.K., Ayvazian, G., Barseghyan, Mr. (2015). The main grape varieties spreaded in Armenia. Viticulture and wine production specialization and distribution of varieties. Manual. Yerevan: ALIS.
- Fulga, I.G. (1989). Fundamentals of viticulture and fruit growing. 2nd ed., revised and completed. Moscow: Agropromizdat.
- Mkrtchyan, R.S., Melkonian, D.H., Badalyan, V.H. (2011). Agroclimatic resources of Armenia. MES of Armenia & Hydrometeorological and Monitoring Service of Armenia “Armstatehydromet”. Yerevan: Lusabats.
- Margaryan, V.G. (2016). The dynamics change of average annual values of air temperature in instrumental period (on the pattern of mountainous territory of the Republic of Armenia). The Conference Global Climate Observation: the Road to the Future, 2-4 March, Amsterdam, pp. 37-38. Available at: Abstracts_GCOS_Science_Conference_2-4March2016.pdf (accessed: 20.06.2016).
- Margaryan, V.G. (2017). The problems of change climate conditions for the period of over the last century over mountainous territory of Armenian Republic. Abstract book: Zaragoza 5th Open Science Meeting. Global challenges for our Common Future a Paleoscience Perspective, 9-13 May, Zaragoza, Spain, p. 310.
- Ministry of Nature Protection of the Republic of Armenia (2015). Armenia’s Third National Communication on Climate Change. Yerevan: Lusabats.
- Margaryan, V.G., Guloyan, G.V. (2017). The vulnerability and risk assessment of agricultural crops in the conditions of expected climate change in the Republic of Armenia. Book of Abstracts: MACSUR Science Conference, 22–24 May, Berlin, p. 103.
- Margaryan, V.G., Mkhitaryan, M.S. (2017). Assessment of viticulture and winemaking vulnerability in the expected conditions of climate change in Ararat valley and foothills. Book of Abstracts: MACSUR Science Conference, 22–24 May, Berlin, p. 102.
- Margaryan, V.G., Mkhitaryan, M.S., Simonyan, L.M. (2017). Assessment and analysis of heat–providing vulnerability of main viticulture industrial region of Armenia in expected climate change. International conference landscape dimensions of sustainable development: science – planning – governance. Book of Abstracts. ICLDS-2017, 4-6 October, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp. 69-70.
Climate change is a change of climatic conditions in the global atmosphere and on the Earth in general (or within its individual zones or territories) caused directly or indirectly due by the human activity on the planet, which are overlaid on the natural climatic variations (fluctuations) and observed during comparable periods of time.
Both the climate of Ukraine and the global climate are changing, but warming within our territory progresses even faster than in other regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
Ukraine in general and southern regions in particular are becoming increasingly vulnerable to climate change – droughts, extremely high temperatures, inefficient precipitation, reduced irrigated area cause of precipitation amount and regime, severer and more long-lasting droughts, reduced water availability.
The majority of arable land in Ukraine are located in zones of unstable and insufficient humidity, it is quite possible that for plant growing, especially for growing winter crops and early spring crops, climate change will rather have a positive effect than negative one.
Among the main types of cereals millet is the most common one. It is valuable for its groats, which is known by its high eating quality.
Millet as a fast-growing crop having a certain agrotechnical importance: it is used as a backup crop for re-sowing dead winter crops and is suitable for stubble and post-harvest sowing, it also can be used as a cover culture for perennial grass.
Millet is one of the most drought-resistant and heat-resistant crops. It is able to withstand heat injuries which is very important in arid areas and during dry years, when other grain crops have reduced yield. Millet suffers less from pests and diseases than other crops.
The task was to evaluate the agro-climatic conditions of millet crops formation in the central part of Ukraine under conditions of climate change. The study of the impact of climate change on the formation of millet productivity for different time intervals was performed by comparing the data of the RCP scenario and the average long-term climatic and agro-climatic parameters. The influence of agroclimatic conditions on the dynamics of increase of agroecological yield of different levels is also assessed.
- Adamenko, T.I., Kulbida, M.I., Prokopenko, A.L. (Eds). (2011). Ahroklimatychnyi dovidnyk po terytorii Ukrainy [Agroclimatic reference book for territories of Ukraine]. Kamianets-Podilsk. (in Ukr.)
- Adamenko, T.I. (2014). Ahroklimatychne zonuvannia terytorii Ukrainy z vrakhuvanniam zminy klimatu [Agro-climatic zoning of Ukraine taking into account climate change]. Kyiv: VEGO «MAMA-86». (in Ukr.)
- Ivani Zhuzhanna. (October 2015). Pidvyshchennia stiikosti do zminy klimatu silskohospodarskoho sektoru Pivdnia Ukrainy [Increased resistance to climate change agricultural sector of the South Ukraine]. Sentendre, Hungary. (in Ukr.)
- Stepanenko, S.M., Pol’ovyi, A.M., Demianiuk, O.S., Dronova, O.O. (2014). [Changes in the precipitation regime in Ukraine]. Ahroekoloh. ž. [Agroecolog. J.], 02, 10-16. (in Ukr.)
- Pol’ovyi, A.M. (2012). Otsinka vplyvu zmin klimatu na zminy ahroklimatychnykh resursiv Luhanskoho rehionu, umovy rostu ta produktyvnist silskohospodarskykh kultur i pryrodnoi roslynnosti. Rekomendatsii shchodo adaptatsii do tsykh zmin [Assessing the impact of climate change on changes in agro-climatic resources of Lugansk region, the conditions of growth and productivity of crops and natural vegetation. Recommendation to adapt to these changest]. Odesa. (in Ukr.)
- Detlef, P. Van Vuuren. (2014). Representative Concentration Pathways. Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving.
- Sultan, B., Roudier, P., Quirion, P., Alhassane, A., Muller, B., Dingkuhn, M. et al. (2013). Assessing climate change impacts on sorghum and millet yields in the Sudanian and Sahelian savannas of West Africa. Enviroment Research Leters, 8(1). DOI:10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/014040
- Uvirkaa Akumaga, Aondover Tarhule, Claudio Piani, Bouba Traore, Ado A. Yusuf. (2018). Utilizing Process-Based Modeling to Assess the Impact of Climate Change on Crop Yields and Adaptation Options in the Niger River Basin, West Africa. Agronomy, 8(2). DOI:10.3390/agronomy8020011
- Sandeep, V.M., Bapuji, B., Bharathi, G., Pramod, P., Chowdary, P.S., Patel, N.R., Vijaya Kumar, P. (2017). Projecting future changes in water requirement of grain sorghum in India. Journal of Agrometeorology, 19(3), 217-225.
- Gao1, Y., Fu, J.S., Drake, J.B., Lamarque, J.F., Liu, Y. (2013). The impact of emission and climate change on ozone in the United States under representative concentration pathways (RCPs). Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 607-621.
- Jacob, D., Van den Hurk, B.JJ.M., Andre, U., Elgered, G., Fortelius, C., Graham, L.P. et al. (2001). A comprehensive model intercomparison study investigating the water budget during the BALTEX-PIDCAP period. Meteor. Atm., 77, 61-73.
- Polevoy, A.N. (1983). Teoriya i raschet produktivnosti sel’skokhozyaystvennykh kul’tur [Theory and calculation of the productivity of agricultural cultures]. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat. (in Russ.)
- Tarko, A.M. (2005). Antropogennye izmeneniya global’nykh biosfernykh protsessov [Anthropogenic changes of global biosphere processes]. Moscow: FIZMATLIT. (in Russ.)
- Pol’ovyi, A.M. (2007). Modeliuvannia hidrometeorolohichnoho rezhymu ta produktyvnosti ahroekosystem [Modeling of hydrometeorological regimes and agro-ecosystems’ productivity]. Kyiv: KNT. (in Ukr.)
The article assesses the characteristics of the annual runoff of the Baraboy River (the Odessa Region), which remains unexplored from the hydrological point of view, under natural conditions and those affected water-related activities, on the basis of the «climate-runoff» model.
The main factors of anthropogenic impact on the hydrological regime of the Baraboy River include a large number of artificial reservoirs and intensive irrigation of agricultural areas using the water resources of the Dniester River. The paper presents estimations of changes of the natural runoff of the Baraboy River in the presence of artificial reservoirs and irrigation using the resources of the donor river (the Dniester). It is shown that, under natural conditions of runoff formation, the river would have to dry out during dry and extremely dry years. Additional evaporation from the surface of artificial reservoirs contributes to a decrease of the annual runoff. Following the use of the «climate-runoff» model it was established that waste waters entering the river-bed from agricultural lands irrigated using the water resources of the donor river (the Dniester) can substantially increase the actual runoff of the Baraboy River at its mouth (by 10-30% for a several years’ period, depending on the scale of water management alterations). It is substantiated that the flow of return water, if different real areas of irrigation are taken into account, exceeds the loss of the runoff resulting from additional evaporation from the surface of artificial reservoirs. Donor irrigation provides stable parameters of river runoff during dry and extremely dry years. The disadvantage of donor irrigation is that it causes the effect of land flooding. The «climate-runoff» model allows optimization of the water management alterations ensuring the most efficient use of agricultural land, depending on the extent of its irrigation, its location within the basin, selection of main crops that need irrigation. Therefore, the next stage of research is evaluation of the quality of groundwater within the basin of the Baraboy river under conditions of donor irrigation.
- Shvebs, H.I., Igoshyn, M.I. (2003). Kataloh richok i vodoim Ukrainy [Catalog of rivers and reservoirs of Ukraine]. Odessa: Astroprynt Publ. (in Ukr.)
- Shvebs, G.I. (Ed.). (1979). Priroda Odesskoy oblasti. Resursy, ikh ratsional’noe ispol’zovanie i okhrana [The nature of the Odessa region. Resources, their rational use and protection]. Kiev: High School Publ. (in Russ.)
- Topchiev, O.G. (2012). Odeskyi rehion: peredumovy formuvannia, struktura ta terytorialna orhanizatsiia hospodarstva. [Odessa region: preconditions for the formation, structure and territorial organization of the economy]. Odessa: Astroprint Publ. (in Ukr.)
- Loboda, N., Bozhok, Yu. (2015). Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources of North-Western Black Sea Region. International Journal of Research in Earth and Envioronmental Sciences, 02(9), 1-6.
- Loboda, N.S. (2005). Raschety i obobshcheniya kharakteristik godovogo stoka rek Ukrainy v usloviyakh antropogennogo vliyaniya [Calculations and generalizations of the characteristics of the annual runoff of the rivers of Ukraine under anthropogenic influence]. Odessa : Ecology Publ. (in Russ.)
- Onufrienko, L.G., Voloshin, I.I. (1986). [Determination of the annual runoff of the rivers of Ukraine and Moldova]. Trudy UkrNII Goskomgidrometa [Proceedings of UkrSRI State Comitee of Hydrometeorological Survey], 217, 3-20. (in Russ.)
- Strelets, B.Y. (1987). Spravochnik po vodnym resursam [Handbook on water resources]. Kiev: Harvest Publ. (in Russ.)
- Shereshevskiy, A.I., Vishnevskiy, P.F. (1997). [Norm and variability of annual river runoff in Ukraine]. Gidrobiologicheskiy Zhurnal [Hydrobiological Journal], 03, 81-91. (in Russ.)
- Rozhdestvenskiy, A.V, Lobanov, A.G. (1984). (Eds). Posobie po opredeleniyu raschetnykh gidrologicheskikh kharakteristik [Manual for the determination of calculated hydrological characteristics]. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat Publ. (in Russ.)
- State Committee of Ukraine for Water Management. (1992). Pasport reki Baraboy [The passport of the river Baraboy]. Odessa. (in Russ.)
- Regional Scientific Center for Water Policy «Phoebus». (2010). Koryhuvannia pravyl ekspluatatsii vodoskhovyshcha kompleksnoho pryznachennia. Vodohospodarskyi pasport i pravyla ekspluatatsii Baraboiskoho vodoskhovyshcha v Biliaivskomu raioni Odeskoi oblasti [Adjustment of the rules of operation of the reservoir of the complex destination. The water managements passport and the rules of exploitation of the Baraboys reservoir in the Bilyaivsky district of the Odessa region]. Odessa. (in Ukr.)
- State Committee of Ukraine for Water Management & State Design and Research Institute «Ukryuzhgiprovodkhoz». (2011). Pravila ekspluatatsii Sanzheiskogo vodokhranilish-cha (korrektirovka 2011) [Rules for operating the Sanzheisky Reservoir (Correction 2011)]. Odessa. (in Russ.)
- Palamarchuk, M.M., Zakorchevna, N.B. (2001). Vodnyi fond Ukrainy [Water Fund of Ukraine]. Kyiv: Nika-Centr Publ. (in Russ.)
- Kulibabin, A.G. (1997). Ekonomicheskiy analiz sovremennykh proektov optimizatsii vodopodachi i vodoraspredeleniya v oroshenii [Economic analysis of modern projects to optimize water supply and water distribution in irrigation]. Odessa: “Konsalting” Publ. (in Russ.)
- Gopchenko, E.D., Loboda, N.S. (2005). Vodnye resursy severo-zapadnogo Prichernomor’ya (v estestvennykh i narushennykh khozyaystvennoy deyatel’nost’u usloviyakh) [The water resources of the north-western Black Sea coast (in natural and economic conditions violated by economic activity)]. Kiev: KNT Publ. (in Russ.)
- Loboda, N.S., Gopchenko, E.D. (2006). Stokhastychni modeli u hidrolohichnykh rozrakhunkakh [Stochastic models in hydrological calculations]. Odesa: Ecology Publ. (in Ukr.)
- Loboda, N.S. (2004). [The system approach and the functions of the response of the hydrological system to anthropogenic influences in the mathematical modeling of domestic runoff]. Meteorolohіya, klіmatolohіya ta hіdrolohіya [Meteorology, climatology and hydrology], 48, 416-424. (in Russ.)
- Tuchkovenko, Yu.S., Loboda, N.S. (Eds). (2014). Vodni resursy ta hidroekolohichnyi stan Tylihulskoho lymanu [Water resources and hydroecological state of Tiligulskiy Liman]. Odesa: TES Publ. (in Ukr.)
- Loboda, N.S., Gopchenko, E.D. (Eds). (2016). Vodnyi rezhym ta hidroekolohichni kharakterystyky Kuyalnytskoho lymanu [Water regime and hydroecologacal characteristics of Kuyalnitskyi Liman]. Odesa: TES Publ. (in Ukr.)
- Ministerul Dezvoltării Regionale şi Construcţiiloral Republicii Moldova. (2012). CPD.01.05-2012: Opredelenie gidrologicheskikh kharakteristik dlya usloviy respubliki Moldova [Determination of hydrological characteristics for the conditions of the Republic of Moldova]. Chișinău, Moldova. (in Russ.)
- State Research Institute of Building Constructions (2014). DBN V.2.4: Vyznachennia rozrakhunkovykh hidrolohichnykh kharakterystyk [DBN V.2.4: Determination of calculated hydrological characteristics]. Kyiv. (in Ukr.)
The paper presents the results of surveys of artificial reservoirs of the Great Kuyalnik River and its tributaries which, due to their considerable number and filling volumes, significantly reduce the runoff of the river and thus cause shallowing of the Kuyalnik Liman and deterioration of its hydroecological state. Preparation of a list of artificial reservoirs within the catchment area of the Great Kuyalnik River took place using the data of the Odessa Regional Water Resources Administration and satellite images taken from Google Earth and Google Maps applications. Water surface areas and volume of unexplored water bodies were determined via generalization of existing data for other reservoirs using the invariance postulates considering the morphology of the arid zone. It was established that, as of 2016, the total number of artificial reservoirs is 121 with a total filling volume constituting 15.98 million m3. Using the climate-runoff model the characteristics of the natural runoff (not disturbed by economic activity) were estimated for periods before warming and for 2021-2050 (scenario A1B). To assess a degree of influence of artificial reservoirs on the state of the ecosystem the accumulation coefficient is calculated. It is shown that the coefficient of water accumulation in artificial reservoirs increased from 0.76 in past century to 1.23 after warming (scenario A1B). This circumstance indicates a tendency towards lack of free (unregulated) runoff in the river and formation of its deficit. The loss of runoff because of filling of artificial reservoirs exceeds the runoff of certain tributaries and ultimately the river’s runoff itself. This leads to reduction and complete cessation of fresh water entering into the Kuyalnik Liman which gradually dries up. In order to regulate the impact of artificial reservoirs on the river’s runoff it is necessary to determine permissible (limiting) volumes of their filling. These volumes were defined as 10 and 25 percent of the natural annual runoff. The natural (not disturbed by economic activity) annual runoff of the river was calculated on the basis of the climate-runoff model using meteorological data. Under conditions of warming the natural runoff of the river and the associated permissible (limiting) volumes would decrease which would require reduction of an even greater number of ponds.
- Loboda, N.S., Gopchenko, E.D. (Eds). (2016). Vodnyy rezhym ta hidroekolohichni kharakterystyky Kuyal’nyts’koho lymanu [Water regime and hydroecological characteristics of Kuyalnitskyi Liman]. OSENU. Odessa: TES. (in Ukr.)
- Stepanenko, S.M., Pol’ovyy, A.M. (Eds). (2015). Klimatychni zminy ta yikh vplyv na sfery ekonomiky Ukrainy [Climate changes and its impact on sectors of the economy of Ukraine]. Odessa. (in Ukr.)
- Gopchenko, E.D. (Scient. chief). (2011). Stan hidrohrafichnoi merezhi richky Velykyi Kuialnyk v umovakh vodohospodarskykh peretvoren na ii vodozbirnomu baseini: Zvit pro NDR (zakliuchnyi). DR 0110U008222 [State of the hydrographic network of the Great Kuyalnik River in the conditions of water management changes on its catchment basin: Research report (final). SR 00110U008222]. Odessa State Environmental University. Odesa. (in Ukr.)
- State Committee for Water Management of Ukraine. (1992). Pasport reki Bolshoy Kuyalnik [Passport of the Great Kuyalnik River]. Odessa. (in Russ.)
- Loboda, N.S. (Scient. chief). (2016). Naukovo-doslidni roboty z obstezhennia rusla richky Velykyi Kuialnyk: Zvit pro NDR (zakliuchnyi). DR 0115U000631 [Scientific works on the servey of the Big Kuyalnik waterbed : Research report (final). SR 0115U000631]. Odessa State Environmental University. Odesa. (in Ukr.)
- Suputnykovi znimky ta karty poverkhni vody [Satellite images and maps of the Earth’s surface]. Available at: https://www.google.com.ua/maps (accessed: 10.04.2018). (in Ukr.)
- Moldovanov, A.I. (1965). [The postulates of invariance in the morphology of reservoirs and their practical application]. Meteorologiya, klimatologiya i gidrologiya [Meteorology, climatology and hydrology], I, 164-190. (in Russ.)
- Gopchenko, E.D., Loboda, N.S. (1965). [Influence of ponds and reservoirs on characteristics of annual flow of rivers in the zone of insufficient humidification]. Meteorologiya, kli-matologiya i gidrologiya [Meteorology, climatology and hydrology], 4, 83-88. (in Russ.)
- Loboda, N.S. (Scient. chief). (2016). Kompleksne upravlinnia vodnymy resursamy baseinu Kuialnytskoho lymanu ta yoho hidroekolohichnym stanom v umovakh hospodarskoi diialnosti i klimatychnykh zmin: Zvit pro NDR (zakliuchnyi). DR 0115U000631 [Integrated management of water resources and hydroecological state of Kuyalnitsky liman under water economic activity and climate change: Research report (final). SR 0115U000631]. Odessa State Environmental University. Odesa. (in Ukr.)
- Tuchkovenko, Yu.S., Loboda, N.S., Kushnir, D.V. (2017). [Results of numerical modeling of intra-year variability of the hydrological characteristics of the Kuyalnitsky liman for different volumes of the river flow of the Big Kuyalnik]. Ukraïnsʹkij gìdrometeorologìčnij žurnal [Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal], 20, 105-119. (in Ukr.)
- Tuchkovenko, Yu.S., Loboda, N.S., Hryb, O.M. (2017). [Integrated water resources management of the Kuyalnitsky Liman basin and its hydroecological state in terms of economic activity and climate change]. Abstracts of the International Scientific and Practical Conference, 21-23 september. Zaporizhzhia, pp. 124-125. (in Ukr.)
- Loboda, N.S., Bozhok, Yu.V. (2015). [Impact of climate change on water resources of the catchment of the Kuyalnitsky Liman in scenic climatic conditions]. Ukraïnsʹkij gìdrometeorologìčnij žurnal [Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal], 16, 189-195. (in Ukr.)
- Otchenash, N.D. (2015). [Justification of the choice of a regional climatic model for analyzing climate change and water resources within the catchment area of the Kuyalnitsky Liman]. Vìsnik Odesʹkogo deržavnogo ekologìčnogo unìversitetu [Bulletin of Odessa state environmental university], 19, 120-125. (in Ukr.)
- Tuchkovenko, Yu. S., Loboda, N. S. (Eds). (2014). Vodni resursy ta hidroekolohichnyi stan Tylihulskoho lymanu [Water resources and hydroecological condition of Tyligulsky Liman]. Odessa. (in Ukr.)
The article presents the results of in-situ studies of the chemical composition and quality of underground (subsoil and artesian) water within the basin of the Baraboy River where irrigation of agricultural areas using the water resources of the Dniester River has been carried out since 1967. These water resources are fed into the network of reservoirs and channels of the Lower Dniester Irrigation System. Filtration losses of water from
irrigation areas and water supply and sewage systems of settlements replenish the reserves of underground (subsoil) waters increasing the ingress therein of dissolved substances from the sedimentary rocks which leads to increase in the concentrations of certain ingredients included in chemical composition of surface and underground waters within the basin of the Baraboy River. It is shown that groundwater is enriched with nitrogen compounds containing high concentrations of chlorides, sulfates, calcium and magnesium. Mineralization, toxicity and degree of contamination of underground water increase along the length of the Baraboy River. The chemical composition of the groundwater coming to the riverbed of the Baraboy River does not meet the fishing requirements and worsen the water quality of fish farming water bodies. The results of assessment of groundwater quality at the stations under study give reason to consider these sources of groundwater as an important factor affecting the hydro-chemical regime and the quality of the water of the Baraboy River and its reservoirs which should be taken into account when developing the recommendations for optimization of the current hydroecological state of the Baraboy River as a whole. If high mineralization and significant content of principle ions in groundwater can be explained by natural factors, the high level of contamination by biogenic substances is resulted from entering of industrial, domestic and return waters from irrigated areas into aquifers. Such contamination is not a temporary but a permanent phenomenon. In terms of magnesium content artesian waters used for utility and drinking water supply are recognized as «mediocre, suitable with limitations and having undesirable quality». In addition, after 50 years of operation compounds of nitrogen and phosphorus were found in artesian water, and this was not a case in 1960s of the last century. A conclusion on the negative effect of long-term donor irrigation on the quality of underground water and on the need for additional treatment of water of artesian aquifers of the Sarmatian Stage used for centralized water supply was made.
- Gopchenko, E.D., Loboda, N.S. (2005). Vodnye resursy severo-zapadnogo Prichernomorya (v estestvennykh i narushennykh khozyaystvennoy deyatel’nost’u usloviyakh [The water resources of the north-western Black Sea coast (in natural and economic conditions violated by economic activity)]. Kiev: KNT Publ. (in Russ.)
- Gogolev, I.N., Druzyak, V.G. (Eds). (1992). Oroshenie na Odesshchine. Pochvenno-ekologicheskie aspekty [Irrigation in the Odessa region. Soil-ecological aspects]. Odessa: Editor. and Publ. Department (in Russ.)
- Shvebs, G.I. (Ed.). (1979). Priroda Odesskoy oblasti. Resursy, ikh ratsional’noe ispol’zovanie i okhrana [The nature of the Odessa region. Resources, their rational use and pro-tection]. Kiev: High School Publ. (in Russ.)
- Yarov Ya.S., Loboda N.S. (2016). [Ways of solving the problems of estimation of the hydroecological state of small watercourses of the northwestern Black Sea region (for example, Baraboy river)]. Tezy dopovidei Pershoho Vseukrainskoho hidrometeorolohichnoho zizdu [Theses of reports of the First All-Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Congress], 22-23.03.2017. Odesa : TES Publ., pp. 185-187. (in Ukr.)
- Kaganer, M.S. (Ed.). (1978). Resursy poverkhnostnykh vod SSSR. Opisanie rek i ozer i raschety osnovnykh kharakteristik ikh rezhima. Vyp. 1. Zapadnaya Ukraina i Moldaviya [Resources of surface waters of the USSR. Description of rivers and lakes and calculations of the main characteristics of their regime. Issue 1. Western Ukraine and Moldova]. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat Publ. (in Russ.)
- State Committee for Water Management of Ukraine (1992). Pasport reki Baraboy [The passport of the river Baraboy]. Odessa. (in Russ.)
- Pilipenko, Yu.V. (2007). Ekolohiia malykh vodoskhovyshch stepu Ukrainy [Ecology of small reservoirs of Ukraine’s steppe]. Kherson: Oldi Plus Publ. (in Ukr.)
- Lozovytskyi, P.S. (2010). Vodni ta khimichni melioratsii gruntiv [Water and chemical soil reclamation]. Kyiv: Kyiv University Publ. (in Ukr.)
- Shevchenko, T.O., Prikhodko, V.Yu. (2015). [Assessment of suitability for irrigation of water from artificial reservoirs of the south of the Odessa region]. Zb. Materialiv X Mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii “Ekoloho-pravovi ta ekonomichni aspekty ekolohichnoi bezpeky rehioniv” [Materials of the 10th International Scientific and Practical Conference “Ecological and Legal and Economic Aspects of Environmental Safety of the Regions”]. Kharkiv, pp. 94-96. (in Ukr.)
- Pelyashenko, V.I. (Ed.). (1979). Gidrokhimicheskoe kartirovanie s primeneniem veroyatnostno-statisticheskikh metodov [Hydrochemical Mapping Using Probabilistic-Statistical Methods]. Kiev: High School Publ. (in Russ.)
- Tuchkovenko, Yu.S. (Scient. chief). (2012). Aktualni problem hidrometeorolohii ta okhorony navkolyshnioho seredovyshcha [Actual problems of hydrometeorology and environment protection]. Research Report (final). SR №0010U008225. Odessa State Environmental University. Odesa. (in Ukr.)
- Loboda, N.S. (Scient. chief). (2011). Matematychne modeliuvannia hidroekolohichnoho stanu vodnykh obiektiv Ukrainy: Zvit pro NDR. DR №0104U004024 [Mathematical modeling of the hydroecological state of water objects of Ukraine: Research Report (final). SR 0104U004024]. Odessa State Environmental University. Odesa. (in Ukr.)
- Loboda, N.S. (Scient. chief). (2017). Hidroekolohichnyi stan richok ta vodoim Ukrainy v umovakh antropohennoho vplyvu: Zvit pro NDR. DR №0113U007992 [Hydroecological state of rivers and reservoirs of Ukraine in the conditions of anthropogenic influence: Research report (final). SR 0113U007992]. Odessa State Environmental University. Odesa. (in Ukr.)
- Yarov, Ya.S. (2010). [Hydrochemical regime and ecological state of the Baraboy river]. Ukraïnsʹkij gìdrometeorologìčnij žurnal [Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal], 07, 200-210. (in Ukr.)
- Zakharova, M.V., Yarov, Y.S. (2012). [The relationship between the hydrochemical parameters of water in the Baraboy River using the correlation analysis]. Vìsnik Odesʹkogo deržavnogo ekologìčnogo unìversitetu [Bulletin of Odessa state environmental university], 13. 165-170. (in Ukr.)
- Daus, M.Ye., Yarov, Ya.S. (2012). [Features of the hydro-chemical regime of the Baraboy River]. Ukraïnsʹkij gìdrometeorologìčnij žurnal [Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal], 10, 143-152. (in Ukr.)
- Yarov, Ya.S. (2012). [Environmental assessment of the water quality of the Baraboy River according to the relevant categories]. Ukraïnsʹkij gìdrometeorologìčnij žurnal [Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal], 10, 195-206. (in Ukr.)
- Osadchyi, V.S., Blazhko, A.P. (2016). [Ecological assessment of surface waters in the basin of the Baraboy river]. Visnyk Odeskoi derzhavnoi akademii budivnytstva ta arkhitektury [Bulletin of the Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture], 64, 171-177. (in Ukr.)
- Kulibabin, A.G. (1997). Ekonomicheskiy analiz sovremennykh proektov optimizatsii vodopodachi i vodoraspredeleniya v oroshenii [Economic analysis of modern projects to optimize water supply and water distribution in irrigation]. Odessa: Consulting Publ. (in Russ.)
- Porokhova, I.V, Yarov, Ya.S. (2017). [The quality of the waters of the Baraboys Reservoir according to the data of special observations]. Materialy XVI naukovoi konferentsii molodykh vchenykh ODEKU [Materials of the 16th scientific conference of young scientists ODEKU]. Odesa: TES Publ., pp. 80-81. (in Ukr.)
- Kholostenko, V.P, Yarov, Ya.S. (2017). [The quality of the waters of the Sanzhskys Reservoir according to the data of special observations]. Materialy XVI naukovoi konferentsii molodykh vchenykh ODEKU [Materials of the 16th scientific conference of young scientists ODEKU]. Odesa: TES Publ., pp. 81-82. (in Ukr.)
- Taranyuk, O.S., Yarov, Y.S. (2017). [An assessment of the influence of the Sanzhskys Reservoir on the quality of the waters of the Baraboy River]. Materialy XVI naukovoi konferentsii molodykh vchenykh ODEKU [Materials of the 16th scientific conference of young scientists ODEKU]. Odesa: TES Publ., pp. 82-84. (in Ukr.)
- Snizhko, S.I. (2001). Otsinka ta prohnozuvannia yakosti pryrodnykh vod [Estimation and prediction of natural water quality]. Kyiv: Nika Center Publ. (in Ukr.)
- Palamarchuk, M.M., Zakorchevna, N.B. (2001). Vodnyi fond Ukrainy [Water Fund of Ukraine]. Kyiv: Nika-Centr Publ. (in Ukr.)
- Regional Scientific Center for Water Policy «Phoebus». (2010). Korehuvannia pravyl ekspluatatsii vodoskhovyshcha kompleksnoho pryznachennia. Vodohospodarskyi passport i pravyla ekspluatatsii Baraboiskoho vodoskhovyshcha v Biliaivskomu raioni Odeskoi oblasti [Adjustment of the rules of operation of the reservoir of the complex destination. The water managements passport and the rules of exploitation of the Baraboys reservoir in the Bilyaivsky district of the Odessa region]. Odesa. (in Ukr.)
- State Committee of Ukraine for Water Management & State Design and Research Institute «Ukryuhzgiprovodkhoz». (2011). Pravila ekspluatatsii Sanzheyskogo vodokhranilishcha. Korrekt. 2011 [Rules for operating the Sanzhsky Reservoir. Correct. 2011]. Odessa. (in Russ.)
- Romanenko, V.D. (2006). Metody hidroekolohichnykh doslidzhen poverkhnevykh vod [Methods of hydroecological studies of surface water]. Kyiv. (in Ukr.)
- Nabivanets, B.Y., Osadchii, V.I., Osadcha, N.M., Nabivanets, Y.B. (2007). Analitychna khimiia poverkhnevykh vod [Analytical chemistry of surface water]. Kyiv: Naukova dumka. (in Ukr.)
- Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. (2010). DsanPIN 2.2.4-171-10: Hihienichni vymohy do vody pytnoi, pryznachenoi dlia spozhyvannia liudynoiu [State sanitary rules and regula-tions 2.2.4-171-10: Hygienic requirements for drinking water intended for human consumption]. Kyiv. (in Ukr.)
- State Committee of Ukraine for Technical Regulation and Consumer Policy. (2007). DSTU 4808:2007: Dzherela tsentralizovanoho vodopostachannia. Hihienichni ta ekolo-hichni vymohy shchodo yakosti vody i pravyla vybyrannia [State standarts of Ukraine 4808:2007 : Sources of centralized water supply. Hygienic and environmental requirements for water quality and selection rules]. Kyiv. (in Ukr.)
- SGS «Prichernomgeologiya». (1965). Pasport artezianskoy skvazhiny №2097 [The passport of an artesian well no. 2097]. Odessa. (in Russ.)
- Romanenko, V.D. (2004). Osnovy gidroekologii: uchebnik dlya studentov vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy [Fundamentals of Hydroecology: Textbook for students of higher educational institutions]. Кiev: Geneza Publ. (in Russ.)
The paper outlines the mathematical structure of the numerical mathematical model of water eutrophication. The model is based on the numerical non-stationary hydrothermodynamic model MECCA (Model for Estuarine and Coastal Circulation Assessment) supplemented with a chemical-biological modular unit designed in accordance with the principles of preparation of the water quality model RCA-HydroQual with some modifications introduced by the author. The chemical-biological unit of the model includes a description of the dynamics of the following hydroecological variables at a local point of space: biomass of phytoplankton, mineralization-resistant organic phosphorus in suspended (detrital) and dissolved fractions, labile organic phosphorus in suspended and dissolved fractions, dissolved mineral phosphorus, stable organic nitrogen in suspended and dissolved fractions, labile organic nitrogen in suspended and dissolved fractions, ammonium and nitrate nitrogen, suspended and dissolved fractions of organic carbon resistant to biochemical oxidation, suspended and dissolved fractions of labile organic carbon and water-dissolved oxygen. The paper presents results of calibration and verification of 1D version of the model for the case of the Tyligulskiy Liman (Estuary) in the northwestern part of the Black Sea. A conclusion is drawn that the model makes it possible to display the main features of the annual dynamics of hydroecological characteristics of the liman during phytoplankton vegetation season, in particular, the conditions determining the processes of primary production and biochemical oxidation of organic substance, regeneration of mineral forms of biogenic elements. Application of the model in order to assess the impact of deepening the ‘liman-sea’ connecting canal on the hydroecological characteristics of the Tyligulskiy Liman proved that intensification of water exchange with the sea through the canal will help to reduce phytoplankton production, concentration of organic substance in the water of the liman and, ultimately, will lead to improvement of its trophic status.
The model is expected to be further used to assess the effectiveness of various scenarios of managing the hydroecological regime of the limans of the north-western Black Sea region considering the changes of climatic conditions.
- Tuchkovenko, Yu.S., Loboda, N.S. (2017). [Impact of the climate change on the strategy of water management of lagoons of the Northwestern Black Sea]. Tezy dopovidei Pershoho Vseukrainskoho hidrometeorolohichnoho zizdu z mizhnarodnoiu uchastiu [Procedings of the First All-
Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Congress with International Participation], 22-23 March. Odessa, pp. 312–313 (in Ukr.) - Tuchkovenko, Yu.S., Loboda, N.S. (Eds). (2014). Vodni resursy ta hidroekolohichnyi stan Tylihulskoho lymanu [Water resources and hydroecological conditions of the Tyligulskiy Liman Lagoon]. Odesa : TES Publ. (in Ukr.)
- Tuchkovenko, Yu. S., Bogatova, Yu.I., Tuchkovenko, O.A. (2015). [Hydrochemical regime of Tyligulskiy Liman in modern period]. Vìsnik Odesʹkogo deržavnogo ekologìčnogo unìversitetu [Bulletin of Odessa State Environmental University], 19, 126–133. (in Russ.)
- Hess, K.W. (2000). Mecca2 Program Documentation. NOAA Technical Report NOS CS 5, Silver Spring, MD.
- Ivanov, V.A., Tuchkovenko, Y.S. (2006). Prikladnoye matematicheskoe modelirovanie kachestva vod shelfovykh morskikh ekosistem [Applied Mathematical Water-Quality Modeling of Shelf Marine Ecosystems]. Marine Hydrophysical Institute of NASU, Sevastopol. (in Russ.)
- Tuchkovenko, Yu.S., Ivanov, V.A. (2007). [Modelling formation of quality of waters of the Northwestern part of the Black Sea]. Ekologicheskaya bezopasnost pribrezhnoy i shelfovoy zon i kompleksnoe ispolzovanie resursov shelfa [Ecological safety of coastal and the shelf zones and complex use of shelf resources], 15, 304–325. (in Russ.)
- Tuchkovenko, Y.S., Ivanov, V.A., Sapko, О.Y. (2011). Otsenka vliyaniya beregovykh antropogennykh istochnikov na kachestvo vod Odesskogo rayona severo-zapadnoy chasti Chernogo morya [Assessment of coastal anthropogenic sources impact on water quality in north-western part
of Black Sea near Odessa]. Marine Hydrophysical Institute of NASU and Odessa State Environmental University, Sevastopol: ECOSY-Hydrophysics Publ. (in Russ.) - HydroQual. (2004). User’s Guide for RCA (Release 3.0). Appendix A. Mahwah, New Jersey. Available at: https://production.wordpress.uconn.edu/swem/wpcontent/uploads/sites/1563/2013/03/RCA-Release-3.0-Rev.1.0.pdf (accessed 25.05.2018)
- Lyakhin, Yu.I. (1980). [On velocity of exchange of oxygen between the ocean and the atmosphere]. Okeanologiya [Oceanology], 18 (6), 1014-1020. (in Russ.)
- Cerco, Carl F. Cole, Thomas. (1995). User’s guide to the CE-QUAL-ICM three-dimensional eutrophication model: release version 1.0. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station. Available at: http://acwc.sdp.sirsi.net/client/en_US/search/asset/1002903;
jsessionid=900370E4763DE3E4B9A81656131A4B43.enterprise-15000 (accessed 25.05.2018). - Straškraba, M., Gnauck, A. (1985). Developed in Environmental Modelling. Vol.8. Freshwater ecosystems.
Modelling and simulation. Amsterdam-Oxford – New York – Tokyo: Elsevier. - Moroz, M.F., Vodchits, N.N. (2007). Gidrotehnicheskie sooruzheniya [Hydrotechnical structures]. Brest State Technical University, Brest. (in Russ.)
- Dmytriiev, A.F., Khlapuk, M.M., Shuminskii, V.D. et al. (1999). Hidrotekhnichni sporudy [Hydrotechnical structures]. In Dmytriiev, A.F. (Ed). Rivne : Publ. of Rivne State Technical University. (in Ukr.)
- Loboda, N.S., Tuchkovenko, Yu.S., Khokhlov V.M. et al. (2014). [The choice of typical years for the Tyligulskiy estuary basin in the calculation of runoff under the global warming scenario M10]. Materialy Vseukrainskoi naukovo-praktaktychnoi konferentsii “Lymany pivnichno-zakhidnoho Prychornomoria : suchasnyi hidroekolohichnyi stan, problemy vodnoho ta ekolohichnoho menedzhmentu ta shliakhy yikh vyrishennia” [Proceedings of the All-Ukrainian Scientific and Practical Conference “Estuaries of the north-western Black Sea: modern hydroecological state, problems of water and environmental management
and ways of their solution”], 1-3 October, Odessa, pp. 28-30. (in Ukr.) - Tuchkovenko, Yu.S. (scient. chief). (2016). Modeliuvannia zminy hidroekolohichnykh umov v lymanakh pivnichnozakhidnoho
Prychornomoria v konteksti zmin klimatu u XXI stolitti na prykladi Tylihulskoho lymanu: Zvit pro NDR. DR №0115U004748 [Simulation of the change of hydroecological conditions in the estuaries of the Northwestern Black Sea in the context of the climate change inthe 21st century by the example of the Tyligulskiy Liman: Research report. SR 0115U004748]. Odessa State Environmental University. Odesa. (in Ukr.).
Introduction. The regularities of the formation and dynamics of the oxygen regime in inland seas – the Black Sea and Caspian, under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors are estimated.
Purpose. One of the features of the Black Sea is the absence of dissolved oxygen in the water below 200 meters depth. A comparison is made between the hydrological conditions of the Black Sea and the Caspian, where the depths are also quite large, but the intensity of vertical exchange is different. In addition, it is necessary to distinguish the reasons for the formation of oxygen deficient in the seas. They can be natural and human-made origin as well. The paper presents an analysis of the cause-and-effect patterns of the development of pelagial hypoxia as the examples of the Caspian and the Black Sea.
Methods. The work is the review of the problem literature that allows an assessment of the current state of gas exchange of pelagic and abyssal marine basins.
Results. Three main formation factors of the features of the hydrological structure and processes responsible for the intensity of gas exchange in the pelagic zone are identified. So, in the Black Sea, saline waters come with the Lower Bosporus Current and flow down the slope, filling the deep layers of the Black Sea basin, forming a stable vertical stratification density, that limiting vertical gas exchange. The second factor is contributing to oxygen saturation of the lower layers during the process of winter vertical circulation that is mainly expressed in the northwestern part.
The third factor is the regime shift of 1976-1978 in the Black Sea as a decrease of the winter temperature and salinity in the surface layer that led to increasing of static stability. According to actively developed convection processes, covering the entire body of the Caspian Sea, in contrast to the Black Sea, there is an intensive exchange between the upper and the deep layers and the intensity of convection depends on the temperature regime of the year. In the Caspian Sea, the regime shift of 1976-1978 led to a twofold increase in the static stability of water below 100 m, the almost complete cessation of the ventilation of the deep waters of the (the process the slope cascading) and the extreme decrease in the concentrations of dissolved oxygen.
Conclusion. In the Black Sea, the formation of a stable of the density vertical stratification is due to the intrusion of saline dense waters of the Lower Bosporus Current, and the winter vertical circulation is expressed only in the northwestern part of the sea, which generally limits vertical gas exchange with the deep water. In the Caspian Sea, convective mixing plays a main role in the formation of the hydrological structure of water and the ventilation of the bottom layers. In cold winters in the northern Caspian, strong cooling, as well as salinity during ice formation, creates the conditions for the formation of waters with a density that allows them to flow down the slopes of the bottom along isopycnic surfaces and aerating the deep layers of the sea.
- Baydin, S.S., Kosarev, A.N. (Eds). (1986). Kaspiyskoe more. Gidrologiya i gidrokhimiya [The Caspian Sea. Hydrology and hydrochemistry]. Moscow : Nauka. (in Russ.)
- Berlinskiy, N.A. (2012). Dinamika tekhnogennogo vozdeystviya na prirodnye kompleksy ust’evoy oblasti Dunaya. [Dynamics of technogenic impact on natural complexes of the mouth area of the Danube]. Odessa. Astroprint. (in Russ.)
- Il’in, Yu.P. et al. (2012). Gidrometeorologicheskie usloviya morey Ukrainy T. 2. Chernoe more [Hydrometeorological conditions of the seas of Ukraine. Vol. 2. Black Sea]. Sevastopol. (in Russ.)
- Tuzhilkin, V.S. (2008). Sezonnaya i mnogoletnyaya izmenchivost’ termokhalinnoi struktury vod Chernogo i Kaspiyskogo morey i processy ee formirovaniya [Seasonal and long-term variability of the thermohaline structure of the waters of the Black and Caspian seas and the processes of its formation]. Abstract of Dr. Geogr. Sc. dissertation, Moscow State Un-ty, Moscow. (in Russ.)
- Berlinskiy, N.A. (1989). [Mechanism of formation of benthic hypoxia in shelf ecosystems]. Vodnye resursy [Water resources], 4, 112-121. (in Russ.)
- Berlinskiy, N.A., Dykhanov, Yu.M. (1991). [To the problem of formation of bottom hypoxia in the northwestern part of the Black Sea]. Ekologiya morya [Sea Ecology], 38, 11-15. (in Russ.)
- Berlinskiy, N.A., Kosarev, N.A., Bogatova, Yu.I., Garkavaya, G.P. (2004). [The influence of the Danube on the ecological conditions of the northwestern part of the Black Sea]. Vestnik MGU [Bulletin MSU], 5, 17-21 (in Russ.)
- Belevich, R.R., Orlova, I.G. (1996). [Features of the interannual variability of hydrological and hydrochemical characteristics of waters on the north-western shelf of the Black Sea in recent decades (60-90s)]. Morskoy gidrofizicheskiy zhurnal [Marine Hydrophysical journal], 02, 62-73. (in Russ.)
- Berlinskiy, N.A., Tuzhilkin, V.S., Kosarev, A.N., Nalbandov, Yu.R. (2006). [Variability of hydrophysical fields and benthic hypoxia]. In: Zaytsev, Yu.P., Aleksandrov, B.G., Minicheva, G.G. (Eds). Severo-zapadnaya chast’ Chernogo morya: biologiya i ekologiya [North-western part of the Black Sea: biology and ecology]. Kiev: Naukova dumka, ch. I (in Russ.)
- Berlinsky, N., Bogatova, Yu., Garkavaya, G. (2006). Estuary of the Danube. In: Wangersky, P.J. (Ed.). The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, vol.5, pp. 233-264.
- Skorohod, A.I. (1996). Osobennosti solevogo sostava vod Kaspiyskogo morya [Features of the salt composition of the waters of the Caspian Sea]. Abstract of Cand. Geogr. Sc. dissertation, Moscow State Un-ty, Moscow. (in Russ.)
- Belov, A.A. (2004). Issledovanie izmeneniy gidrohimicheskoy struktury Kaspiyskogo morya za poslednie 70 let [Research of changes in the hydrochemical structure of the Caspian Sea over the past 70 years]. Abstract of Cand. Geogr. Sc. dissertation, Moscow State Un-ty, Moscow. (in Russ.)
- Blatov, V.S., Bulgakov, N.P., Ivanov, V.A., Kosarev, A.N., Tuzhilkin, V.S. (1984). Izmenchivost’ gidrofizicheskikh poley Chernogo morya [Variability of the hydrophysical fields of the Black Sea]. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat.
The substantiation of selection of places for possible placement of modern interdistrict landfills of solid household waste (SHW) in the territory of the Odessa Region is an urgent task of ensuring ecological safety and sustainable development of the region. The purpose of the work is to assess natural and socio-economic conditions across the administrative districts of the Odessa Region in connection with substantiation of selection of places for possible placement of modern SHW landfills. The scope of the study includes solid waste landfills. Subject of the study covers substantiation of selection of places for possible placement of SHW landfills in Odesa Region. A critical analysis of the regulations containing the requirements to modern SHW landfills and their locations formed the methodological basis of the work. When carrying out the study published data and materials of own research were used. Schematic maps were built using one of the tools of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) – the Quantum GIS package. To estimate the degree of favourableness of the territory of the Odesa Region for placement of SHW landfills the following indicators were used: estimated volumes of SHW formation , thousand tons per year; relative area of dumps and landfills (%); module of total technogenic load; relative area of land damaged by erosion processes (%); relative area of impounded and potentially impounded lands (%); relative area of development of karst occurrence (%); number of landslides within the area; relative area of development of technogenic exogenous geological processes (%). The above indicators are expressed in points: 3 points – favorable conditions; 2 points – relatively favorable conditions; 1 point – unfavorable conditions. At this stage of research it is impossible to establish which of these indicators is a priority. According to the analyzed physical and geographical, engineering and geological, hydrogeological, technogenic and socio-economic indicators the possibilities of placement of modern interdistrict SHW landfills within the territory of the districts of the Odesa Region are nonequivalent. Theoretical and practical importance: an effective system of greening recreational and tourism activities will help to improve the environment within the territory of the National Nature Park in the Lower Dniester Basin.
- Natsionalna strategiia upravlinnia vidhodamy v Ukraini do 2030 roku (rozporiadzhennia Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 8 lystopada 2017 r. № 820) [National strategy for waste management in Ukraine until 2030]. Available at: http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/820-2017-р (accessed 21.01.2018) (in Ukr.)
- Derzhavni budivel’ni normy Ukrayiny. Proektuvannya. Polihony tverdykh pobutovykh vidkhodiv. Osnovni polozhennya proektuvannya. DBN V.2.4-2 2005 [State building norms of Ukraine. Designing. Polygons of solid household waste. Basic design provisions. SBRB 2.4-2 2005]. Available at: http://profidom.com.ua/v-2/v-2-4/1703-dbn-v-2-4-2-2005-poligoni-tverdih-pobutovih-vidkhodiv-osnovni-polozhenna-projektuvanna (accessed 05.06.2018) (in Ukr.)
- Ekolohichnyi pasport. Odeska oblast [Ecological passport. Odessa region]. Available at: https://menr.gov.ua/files/docs/eco_passport (accessed 27.02.2018 р.) (in Ukr.)
- Adamenko, O.M., Rudko, G.I. (1997). Ekolohichna heolohiia [Ecological geology]. Kyiv: Manuskript (in Ukr.)
- Safranov, T.A. et al. (2012). Otsinka tekhnohennoho vplyvu na heolohichne seredovyshche [Evaluation of technogenic influence on the geological environment] Odesa : Ekolohiia (in Ukr.)
- Safranov, T.A., Chugai, A.V. (Eds). (2017). Stan i yakist pryrodnoho seredovyshcha pryberezhnoi zony Pivnichno-Zahidnoho Prychornomoria [Condition and quality of the natural environment of the coastal zone of the Northwest Black Sea]. Kharkiv : FOP Panov A.M. (in Ukr.)
- Cherkez, Ye.A., Shatalin, S.N. (2012). [Regularities of landslides development within the Northern part of Black Sea region]. In: Rudko, G.I., Osiiuk, V.A. (Eds). Inzhenernaya geodinamika Ukrainy i Moldovy (opolznevye geosistemy). V 2 t. [Engineering geodynamics of Ukraine and Moldova (landslide geosystems). In 2 vol.]. Chernovtsy: Bukrek, vol. 2. (in Russ.)
- Fesenko, A.V., Karavan, A.I., Godenko, G.E. (2008). Opasnye ekzogennye geologicheskie processy na territorii Severo-Zapadnogo Prichernomorya (osobennosti razvitiya, kartirovanie, GIS-modelirovanie i analiz) [Dangerous exogenous geological processes on territory of North-western Black Sea region (features of development, mapping, GIS-modeling and analysis)]. Odessa : «VMV». (in Russ.)
- Titenko, G.V., Shirokostup, S.M. (2017). [Approaches to the solution of solid waste displosal in the system of ecological management of territories]. Liudyna ta dovkillia. Problemy neoekolohii [Man and the environment. Problems of neoecology], 1-2(27), 136-142. (in Ukr.)
Persistent organic pollutants represent a serious global threat to human health and the environment. They have certain properties: resistance to decomposition, bioaccumulation, extreme toxicity, even at ultra-low concentrations, ability to transboundary transfer and deposition. Unfortunately, there is no separate normative and legislative base regulating production of persistent organic pollutants in Ukraine. All norms and rules regulating such pollutants formation are included in a large number of various legislative acts and this does not allow systematization and specification of the actions associated with treatment of POPs. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the main sources of unintentional formation of persistent organic pollutants (using Odessa as an example). As part of the study it was established that the main sources of unintentional formation of POPs in Odessa are: combustion of organic fuels by stationary and mobile sources; production of building materials; open landfills of solid household waste; smoking of meat and fish products; functioning of crematoria; tobacco smoking; functioning of the city sewage system. The analysis of the legislative base of Ukraine is carried out which resulted in making a conclusion that there is no separate normative and legislative base regulating production of persistent organic pollutants in Ukraine. For the first time the list of the main sources of unintentional formation of these pollutants was established for Odesa with estimation, using the most advanced European methods, of the mass of persistent organic pollutants formed from each type of above-stated production facilities, and estimation of the total mass of their generation over the territory of Odessa. Since different techniques give results in different units of measurement, a transition to one unit of measurement was performed. Based on the concept of maximum permissible concentration (MPC), the permissible number of molecules of POPs equivalent to 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) which can enter the body of one person through respiratory organs was caclculated. A comparison with the number of molecules of 2,3,7,8-TCDD entering the atmosphere in a permissible quantity per 1 citizen of was carried out and corresponding conclusions based on calculations of unintentional formation of POPs in Odessa during one year were made. Also, based on the obtained results, priority sources of unintentional production of persistent organic pollutants were established which allows correct and timely implementation of appropriate measures to reduce formation of these polluting substances.
- State Committee of Ukraine for Technical Regulation and Consumer Policy. (1995). DSTU 3041-95 : Hidrosfera. Vykorystannia i okhorona vody [State standarts of Ukraine 3041-95 : Hydrosphere. Using and protection of water]. Kyiv. (in Ukr.)
- Treger, Ju.A. (2007). [Persistent organic pollutants. Problems and solutions]. Vestnyk MYTHT [Reporter MSUFCT], 5, 87-95. (in Russ.)
- The Main Department of Statistics in Odessa Oblast (2013). Statystychnyi shchorichnyk Odeskoi oblasti za 2012 rik [The statistical yearbook of the Odessa region for 2012]. Odesa. (in Ukr.)
- Kopytov, V.V. (2012). Gazifikatsiya kondensirovannykh topliv: retrospektivnyy obzor, sovremennoe sostoyanie del i perspektivy razvitiya [Gasification of condensed fuels: a retrospective review, current state of affairs and development prospects]. Moscow : ’Infra-Inzhyneriya’ Publ. (in Russ.)
- COTKR. Proizvoditel stroitelnogo oborudovaniya [COTKR. Manufacturer of heating equipment]. Available at: http://tkr-teplo.ru/polezno-pochitat/tablica-uslovnoe-toplivo/ (accessed 18 October 2016). (in Russ.)
- EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2013. Available at: https://www.eea.europa.eu/ru/ publications/rukovodstvo-emep-eaos-po-inventarizacii (accessed 18 October 2016). (in Russ.)
- Perevod v uslovnoe toplivo [Transfer to conventional fuel]. Sinergiya opyta i tehnologii. Vinser-audit [Synergy of ex-perience and technology. Vinser-audit]. Available at: http://www.vinser-audit.ru/fuel_calc (accessed 18 October 2016). (in Russ.)
- UNEP. (2013) Metodicheskoe ukazanie po vyyavleniyu i kolichestvennoy otsenke dioksinov i furanov [Methodological instruction for the identification and quantification of dioxins and furans]. Geneva. (in Russ.)
- Katalog predpriyatiy Odesskoy oblasti [Catalog of plants in Odessa region]. UKRPROM. Available at: http://www.ukr-prom.com (accessed 19 October 2016). (in Russ.)
- Odesskiy tsementnyy zavod [Odessa Cement Plant]. Wik-ipedia. Free Encyclopedia. Available at: https://ru.wikipedia.org (accessed 2 February 2017). (in Russ.)
- Prodazh budivelno-ozdobliuvalnykh materialiv [Sales of building and finishing materials]. TzOV «Dukat LV». Available at: https://dukat-lv.prom.ua (accessed 2 February 2017). (in Ukr.)
- Metodika rascheta normativov obrazovaniya otkhodov pri proizvodstve kirpicha, zhelezobetonnykh izdeliy, izvesti, asfal’ta [The methodology for calculating waste generation standards for the production of bricks, reinforced concrete products, lime, asphalt]. Available at: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/917011738 (accessed 8 February 2017). (in Russ.)
- Holovne upravlinnia statystyky v Odeskii oblasti [The Main Department of Statistics in Odessa region]. Available at: http://od.ukrstat.gov.ua/index.html (accessed 8 February 2017). (in Ukr.)
- Kapushko, M.O. (2012). [About emission of pollutants into the atmosphere in asphalt plants]. Internet-vestnik VolgGASU [Internet-bulletin of VolgGASU], 8(24). Avail-able at: http://www.opengost.ru/iso/13_gosty_iso/ 13040_gost_iso/1304040_gost_iso/3762-metodicheskie-ukazaniya-po-raschetu-vybrosov-zagryaznyayuschih-veschestv-v-atmosferu-ot asfaltobetonnyh-zavodov.html (accessed 10 February 2017). (in Russ.)
- Metodika rascheta vybrosov vrednykh veshchestv ot predpriyatiy dorozhno-stroitelnoy otrasli, v tom chisle ot asfaltobetonnykh zavodov [Methodology for calculating emis-sions of harmful substances from the road construction industry, including from asphalt concrete plants]. Appendix №12 to the Order of the Minister of Environmental Protection of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Available at: http://eco.com.ua/content/metodika-rascheta-vybrosov-vrednyh-veshchestv-ot-predpriyatiy-dorozhno-stroitelnoy-otrasli-v (accessed 12 February 2017). (in Russ.)
- Stan sfery povodzhennia z pobutovymy vidkhodamy v Ukrainy za 2012 rik [State of the sphere of municipal wastes management in Ukraine for 2012]. Informatsiynyy portal Blagoustriy. INFO [Information portal Blagoustriy. INFO]. Available at: http://blagoustriy.info/ (accessed 15 February 2017). (in Ukr.)
- Bal’, V.V., Verein, E.L. (1990). Tekhnologiya rybnykh produktov i tekhnologicheskoe oborudovanie [Technology of fish products and technological equipment]. Moscow : Agropromizdat. (in Russ.)
- Golovkov, S.I., Koperin, I.F., Naydenov, V.I. (1987). Energeticheskoe ispol’zovanie drevesnykh otkhodov [Energy use of wood waste]. Available at: http://boiler-wood.ru/ash-wood.html (accessed 18 February 2017). (in Russ.)
- Krematsiya v Kieve, Kharkove i Odesse [Cremation in Kiev, Kharkov and Odessa]. Available at: https://www.religion.in.ua/news/ukrainian_news/17968-v-kieve-kremiruyut-40-pokojnikov-v-xarkove-70-v-odesse-30.html (accessed 12 March 2017). (in Russ.)
- Chislo kuril’shchikov v Ukraine stabilizirovalos’ [The number of smokers in Ukraine has stabilized]. Available at: https://zn.ua/UKRAINE/chislo-kurilschikov-v-ukraine-stabilizirovalos-na-urovne-24-202795_.html (accessed 18 March 2017). (in Russ.)
- Kolichestvo kuryashchikh v Ukraine sokratilos’ [The num-ber of smokers in Ukraine decreased]. Available at: https://zn.ua/UKRAINE/kolichestvo-kurilschikov-v-ukraine-za-sem-let-sokratilos-na-20-259009_.html (ac-cessed 18 March 2017). (in Russ.)
- Shelepchikov, A.A. Zagryazneniya okruzhayushchey sredy polikhlorirovannymi dibenzo-p-dioksinami i dioksinopodobnymi veshchestvami [Pollution of the environment by polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dioxin-analogue substances]. Laboratory of Analytical Ecotoxicology. Available at: http://www.dioxin.ru/history/dioxin-info.htm (accessed 3 September 2017). (in Russ.)
- State Committee of the Russian Federation for Environmental Protection. (1999). Sbornik udel’nykh pokazateley obrazovaniya otkhodov proizvodstva i potrebleniya [Collection of specific indicators of production and consumption waste generation]. Moscow. (in Russ.)
- Nikolaenko, E.V., Avdin, V.V., Speranskiy, V.S. (2006). Proektirovanie ochistnykh sooruzheniy kanalizatsii [Designing sewage treatment facilities]. Chelyabinsk. (in Russ.)
- Yufit, S.S. Stoykie organicheskie zagryazniteli – “gryaznaya dyuzhina” [Persistent organic pollutants – the “dirty dozen”]. Available: https://www.greenpeace.org/ rus-sia/global/russia/report/2003/11/28330.html (accessed 7 September 2017). (in Russ.)