The author develops a comprehensive approach to ranking Odessa region districts by anthropogenic load on their air. Odessa region is zoned as per emissions of air pollutants. Odessa Region districts are ranked to reveal those with the highest air pollution. All results are illustrated as digital maps.
In the article review of waters quality evaluation methods and analysis of temporary changeability of waters quality figures are made. Illegality of using the mean values of monitoring series for evaluation of waters quality for specific needs, in particular for centralized water consumption is shown. For evaluation of waters quality it is suggested to use the values of figures with 10 provision.
The results of seaside dynamics observation of Kiliya part of the Danude delta in 2011-2012 are presented: the main trends of different parts change with a glance of their foundation factors are described. The results of observation per the Danube delta seaside contamination by plastic wastes on different parts, as well as botanic кesearches are set.
The article presents a critical analysis of water quality assessment by different methods on the example of the Danube River at Vilkove town. It is shown that the drawbacks of the existing methods do not make it possible to adequately characterize the state of water bodies as household water sources; and that the integral and average unit indices of DSTU 4808:2007 cannot be used for classification of the sources of centralized water supply. The proposed of improving DSTU 4808:2007.
In the article Digital matched filters investigation are prevented.
In article Calman filter for renewing of izogips application for digital map relief construction.
1. Roweis S. Ghahramani, Z. A unifying review of linear Gaussian models, Neural Comput. Vol. 11, No. 2, (February 1999), pp. 305–345.
In article abilities of Calman filter realization for isohypses reconstruction in maps of digital relief creation are investigated.
In the paper the results of calculation of the air surface temperature in the viscous layer obtained by the energybalance model of the surface layer “SLEB”, are analyzed. The calculated values of the air surface temperature in the viscous layer are compared with the values of the ground temperature derived from the weather obseravtions. The procedures used provide a good accordance of calculated and measured temperatures. Model “SLAB” is a compoment part of the meteorological preprocessor of the air dispersion model “MLAD”.
A review of the recent scientific investigations carried out in the Russian Hydrometeorological Center is presented. In these contributions the relationship between the quantative characteristics of atmospheric fronts and precipitation is examined by using the results of the numerical experiments for various prognostic models. The methods of the precipitation forecast in which it isn’t necessary to account for the vertical motions and the condensate, are proposed. To estimate the relationship between precipitation and intensity of the atmospheric fronts the synoptic situation with the heavy precipitation observed is studied.
The forecasts of regional climatic models results were verified with the monthly mean temperatures observed at the Ukrainian sites (Odessa, Poltava, Vinnytsia, Simferopol for 1961-2010; Zaporizhzhia, Sumy, Rivne for 1973- 2010). The skill of the models was determined; e.g. for the Odessa, best result was provided by the RACMO ECHAM5-r3 model (KNMI, Netherlands). The model result is conditioned the ability of regional model to reproduce some atmospheric processes as well as the input data
In the article shown that in the past decade has seen an increase amount of heat waves cases of, their intensity and duration. Shown of heat wave determinations, which are used as individual authors, as well as national weather services in different countries. Grounded, that definitions recommended by the WMO is the most convenient for the study of this atmospheric phenomenon in the Ukraine. Describe the consequences of heat waves influence on the human body, plants and animals and potential economic losses due to heat wave exposure.
Prognostic abilities of the different versions of WRF models, including non-hydrostatic (NMM) are compared. Models’ biases of the main meteorological variables in the short-term forecasts are defined, Individual case studies are analyzed. Optimal use of prognostic information to improve the quality of forecasts are shown.
On the example of blocking anticyclone, the vertical profiles of atmospheric energetics are considered. The content of different energies, as well as their conversions and transfers are calculated and analysed.
We study the spatiotemporal variability of different droughts using the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index with time scales 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months for the territory of Eastern Europe during 1951-1980 and 1981-2010. It was found that the maximum number of droughts was registered in the period of global warming, i.e. during 1981-2010 years.
The estimation of change climatic recourse of the Lugansk region was examined in 2011-2030 and 2031-2050 years in connection with the changes of climate in compression by base period 1970-2010 years. Using models was assessed photosynthesis production and vibrations of the productivity of winter wheat in the conditions of change of climate.
The dynamics & trend for grape eyes destruction as the basic index of wintering andagrometeorological Conditions in Odessa region during autumn-winter period in 1962-2005 have been analyzed. Peculiarities of agrometeorological conditions separately in 1962-1990, 1991-2005 and in the whole period of 1962-2005 have been revealed. The level of these indices influence on the grape wintering in the mentioned periods has been determined.
With models of the productive was assessed photosynthetic productivity and fluctuation of maize yield in east steppe of Ukraine. Were developed recommendations on adaptation technologies for growing corn and improve the conditions of formation of efficiency of climate change.
In this article we defined, that the quantity of harvest is determined by solar radiation income and the sum of temperatures during the whole vegetation period, and, especially, fruiting period. Statistical relationships between eggplants harvests and different levels of thermal conditions in different interphase periods are developed.
The yield of Lucerne green mass for the period since 2001 to 2010 was calculated using the mathematical model “Productivity of Lucerne”. The comparative assessment of obtained results and long-term observations in XX century was performed. The optimization of irrigation norms for Lucerne fields in 2004 and 2007 was fulfilling.
The results of numeral experiments are resulted and quantitative estimation of influencing of different terms of sowing on intensity of photosynthetic activity of plans of culture of beans in the basic natural-climatic areas of Ukraine is given.
We consider the time series average of the yield of sugar beet in the forest-steppe in the period 1981-2010 years. Describes a method for assessing the correctness of allocation trends in yields. The results of the analysis of the dynamics of sugar beet yield on five-year periods.
Shows the increase in phosphate content in the surface water source of the Dniester River and waste water, and provides comparative characteristics of modern methods of analysis.
It is performed statistical processing the series of maximal runoff for rivers of the Dniester-Prut interfluves basin. There is also performed statistical analysis of series of the maximum flow layers and its territorial generalization. .
The intensity and direction of the marine water transport at the boundary of the north-western Black Sea shelf on the sections between the stations Primorskoe – Zmiinyi Island – Chernomorskoe using of the sea level data on these stations was evaluated. The conclusion about the periodic formation in 2005-2006 of the coastal anticyclonic gyre close to Zmiinyi Island was based: transport from north to south in the periods April – July 2005 and May – December 2006 but transport of the sea water masses from south to north in the period August 2005 – April 2006. The method of the restoration the missing sea level data was testing and results was very positive.
The role and importance of water and salt cycle processes in a strait is specific. The main role belongs to the two-layer exchange. A discrete exchange can be considered as a continuous two-layer one. The original method of estimation and calculation of water- and salt exchange for stable and unstable conditions is proposed.
The geostrophic transfer of waters is expected on latitudinal (45° 20 N) and meridional (31° 00 31° 30 E) cuts by means of dynamic method. The structure of circulation of waters is described on cuts. Mechanisms over of changeability of descriptions of streams are brought on the aquatorium of north-western shelf of the Black sea and partly – on a mainland slope. Quantitative descriptions of charges are got on cuts.
According to the results of satellite observations statistical characteristics of the variability for the propagation directions in the Danube water during different seasons and the average direction of their propagation in the period from 2005 to 2010. By a joint analysis of winds and surface water transfers were done. It is obtained estimates of the distance from the mouth, where there is a dynamic effect of the jet outlet of the river flow.
The features of formaldehyde fields spatial structure in the atmosphere above European territory are probed. On the basis of formaldehyde general content initial values matrices the matrices of average values were built. The average values fields were built and probed. The sentinel dynamics of general maintenance of formaldehyde is found out and the attempt of explanation of its seasonal character is done.
Estimation of potential of atmosphere pollution is made on the base of radiosounding data, and wind and atmosphere pollution observations in Odessa city. Meteorological and synoptic conditions of formation of high level of pollutant concentrations are examined.
Possible contemporary methods of measurement of antennas parameters are investigated in this article.
The reasons for the development of the anomalous temperature regime over European territory in the summer of 2010 are dealt with in the article. By using the low-frequency temperature and geopotential data it is shown that the emergence of the anomalously high temperatures is due to the influence of the anticyclonic vortex with solitary features.
The features of influencing of circulation processes in a stratosphere on forming of ozone general maintenance fields are shown. The meaningful periods of intercommunications between the main components surface AT-50 geopotential heights fields, that characterize circulation processes in Western sector of the south hemisphere stratosphere and main components of ozone general maintenance fields are determined.
The results of complex analysis of temperature and precipitation records, and synoptic processes, which are led to droughty weather conditions in Ukraine an autumn 2011 are reviewed. Definition of drought intensity has been produced using the numerical characteristics, such as a hydrothermal coefficient by Selyaninov, index of drought by Ped’, standardized precipitation index. It was showed that the most difficult weather conditions are formed in the western and south regions of Ukraine under influence of prevailing anticyclones circulation of the atmosphere.
Spatio-temporal features of extreme droughts are analyzed using the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index with time scales of 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 months for Ukraine during 1901–1930 and 1976–2005. It is revealed that the frequency, intensity and duration were maximal for extreme drought at earlier 1900-th.
It is carried out a multifractal analysis of temporal sets for the North-Atlantic and South vibration indexes and edge kinetic energy in the middle and tropical latitudes within a multi-fractal formalism with using the Grassberger-Procaccia algorithm.
An analysis of calculating the potential yield of winter wheat in the south of Ukraine in terms of mean growing season based on agrochemical characteristics of the main types of soil zone is given. According to our calculations, the potential yield of winter wheat on soils of the south of Ukraine may take up to 48 kg/ha.
The estimation of mezzo- end microklimatical changeability of winters term and radiation-thermal resources in the area of viticulture of Ukraine is executed. Spatial changeability of northern border of vine location due to the mezzo- end microclimate is certained.
Using analysis of supervisions materials 175 hidrometeorological stations of Ukraine by comparison of long–merman descriptions of moistening indexes tendency of their change for period from 1890 to 2030-2040 yy. were educed.
On an example of Gidachiv region of the Lvov area the theoretical base for account of the characteristics of the maximal runoff of flood and technique for definition of zones of possible flooding of this territory by waters of Dnestr was realized.
It is provided an overview of the history, modernity and perspectives of the existence of kakhovskogo waterworks.
Long-term vibrations of Anmangindinsky ice mound sizes in the period of its maximal development are explored. Long-term changeability of hydrometeorological factors determining intensity of ice mound processes is explored.
The tendencies of temporal changes of hydrometeorological descriptions of period of forming of spring flood are considered in the basin of the flat rivers of Ukraine in modern climatic terms.
In this article the results of study of hydrochemical mode of Baraboy river for long-term period are presented, the dynamics of some hydrochemical indexes is analyzed.
The comparison of real and acceptable for different standards concentration of the polluting substances of the rivers basins waste water.
The scientific-methodical aspects of calculation of maximum runoff from elementary watersheds in the article
are examined.
The estimation of possibility is conducted in the operative terms of forecast of flood variation of flow during rain floods on the rivers basins of Prut and Siret (within the limits of Ukraine) with the use of subsystem of their short-term forecasting. A methodical base is a mathematical flow model of processes of forming of rain floods. Research of adequacy of the modeling flow system conducted on the example of catastrophic rain flood in July 2008.
It is carried out modelling characteristics of the extremely high floods (on the Danube river example) and fluctuation temporal trends of changing phosphates concentrations in the catchments of the Small Carpathians on the basis of earlier developed method combining the multi-factor systems approach and multi-fractal formalism.
Hydrolytic activity (HA) of the water environment due to exoenzymes which condition the levels of its proteolytic and amylolytic forms is under study. Patterns for distribution of HA forms in water types are ascertained. The simulation results in singling out the factor complexes, identifying the patterns for distribution and the intensity of nitrogen and carbohydrate exchanges in the waters of the Pechora Sea in the midwinter period (February).
The features of water quality forming of the Baraboy river are investigational in the article, chronologic trends of change of waters quality on appropriate categories are analyzed.
The seasonal variability and the long-term fluctuations of the volume transport through Bosporus Straight are considered. It is shown that the velocities both upper current from Black Sea and bottom current into Black Sea depend on variability of the river´s flow volume into Black Sea. The summary velocities with taking into account wind-driven currents were calculated and estimated.
Mapping of soils in the shallow part of a sea bottom is a problematic task due to considerable deformation in time and space. The results, achieved during practical study and research into the peculiarities of granulometric distribution of marine soils, make it possible to have an optimistic view on application of cartographic method for shallow-water conditions.
Under consider of the wave radiation stresses the complex modeling of the waves and wind-wave currents was released for the Kerch bay under the southern wind direction.