The article researches the abilities of using discrete wavelet analysis in digital signal processing.
The paper deals with the variability of the climatic characteristics of the average values and natural events of Eastern Siberia. The data on the extreme natural events for information support of various branches of human activity are systematized. The anthropogenic failures in the region during the last twenty years are analyzed. The different variants of the optimization model of agrarian manufacture in the conditions of natural events tested on the real objects are offered. The results of the modeling are presented.
The abilities of using digital filtration methods in discrete wavelet analysis based on matrix representation of Khaar transformations are examined.
The abilities of sampled signals prediction with using scalar and vector Kalman filters are researched.
The energy balance model for calculation of scales, gradients and other parameters of the logarithmic surface layer of atmosphere is analysed. The model is provided the “lock” of thermal balance surface and balance of flux of dissipation of kinetic energy of turbulence and temperature pulsations. The model is built on the base of Monin-Obukhov semi-empiric theory of the ground layer. The model uses only a base meteorological information. Results are compared to the analogical models of other authors.
The results of the computer experiments within new microsystems technology “Geomath on modelling global mechanisms in atmosphere low frequency processes, estimates of the Earth angle moment balance and teleconnection effects are presented.
A brief overview of theoretical research on the role of heat advection in the formation of low-level jets was carried out. On the example of the formation of low tropospheric jets over Ukraine, the influence of temperature stratification on the occurrence of low jet is shown.
Spatiotemporal features of drought distribution in the Ukraine territory are investigated for the period from 1943 to 2002 with the Palmer Drought Severity Index. The repeatability of months with droughts and droughts themselves, as well as their intensity and duration are analyzed. It is shown that there have been changes in aridity (or humidification) climate in the territory of Ukraine, and these changes were not uniform in different regions.
The conditions of large-scale drought have been investigated, and temperature anomalies in Ukraine in July-August 2010 against the backdrop of contemporary changes in global and regional climate.
The tendencies of the growth of potential risk of chemical and radiation – dangerous accidents, as well as the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and arises in connection with the problem of protecting the residents and the environment were considered. Proposals to ensure the people and troops safety from radioactive and chemical contamination were presented.
Based on analysis of observational materials of 175 meteorological stations of Ukraine by comparing the average long-term characteristics of weather and agrometeorological indicators of temperature it were identified trends of changes for the period from 1890 to 2030 -2040 ys.
The basis of agro- and microclimatic indexes has been carried out for the estimation of vine growing conditions. The results of calculations and fine-scale agroclimatic districting of thermal resources and danger of light frosts on the Northern Black Sea Area territory have been presented.. The algorithm of re-calculation of the pointed conditions under influence of differences of underlying surface has been described as a flow-chart and the detailed estimation of their changeability on the probed territory taking into account mezo- and microclimate has been presented. The vine placing considering the quality level for different locations in relief has been optimized on the reason of comparative estimates of thermal resources, light frost-danger and heat-necessity of vine.
The general evaluation of agroclimatic resources in Kherson region as to cultivation of winter wheat was made on the base of agro-ecological categories of productivity and quantitative evaluation of agroclimatic resources.
In the article the analysis of the modern state in the field of calculations of the basic hydrological descriptions of floods is given. The method which can be the basis of a new normative document for calculating of maximum runoff of the rivers is theoretically substantiated.
The issues of economic substantiation for optimum economic solutions are under study on the basis of hydrologic and economic calculations with the use of normative and predictive hydrological information. The examples for optimization calculations are presented with the use of Bayes Strategy.
The dynamics of consumption of fresh water and waste discharges into water bodies is shown, and also analysis of concentrations of certain pollutants in wastewater on the reason of Ukrainian standards.
The method and the scientific and methodical recommendations, which allows to make of long-term forecasting of layer flow and maximum charges of water, dates of passing of spring flood for the flat rivers of Ukraine is offered.
Hydrochemical index of pollution for the characterization of hydroecological status of The Southern Bug river is used in this article to analyze the influence of water content on the quality of river water – a method of integrated difference curves.
Scientific and methodical approaches on using of volume formulas structure for rationing of calculated characteristics of the maximum runoff of rain high waters and spring high waters are considered.
It was carried out numerical modelling characteristics for a number of unique hydrological events for basin (highlands Strazov, Slovakia) and fluctuation temporal trends of changing nitrates concentrations in some catchments in 5 regions of the Small Carpathians on the basis of the new approach combining the multi factor systems approach and multi-fractal formalism.
It is carried out modelling river runoff characteristics for r. Danube within a multi-fractal formalism with using the Grassberger-Procaccia algorithm. It is calculated a spectrum of fractal dimensions.
The characteristics of the slope influx on the territory of Zakarpathia during the temple flood and the influence of the local factors on them are considered in the article.
The current hydrological regime and water dynamics in the Tyligulskyi lagoon, based on the analysis of location observation data and numerical mathematical simulation results, are described. A three-dimensional numerical thermodynamic model, which makes it possible to calculate water exchange of the lagoon with the sea through a connecting canal and its influence on the hydroecological regime of the lagoon, is verified.
Distribution of hydrophysical parameters and structure of the light field for the salt and fresh water mixing area for The Kola Bay (The Barents Sea) is studied here. Separation of the mixing area by hydrooptical indices is presented.
On the basis of measurements of temperature carried out in one point in Odessa coastal waters during 16 months with a half hour discretion, statistically provided parameters were received of seasonal, synoptic, diurnal variation, and also statistics of possible temperature changes for half an hour.
There are analyzed the influence of different kinds of temperature inversions and normal atmosphere stratification on nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide concentrations in Kiev city atmosphere.
Description of pollutants emission streams which generate in technological processes on a ship-repair enterprise is presented. The assesment of water quality in the enterprise aquatorium is conducted. The changes of hydrochemical marks of the Danuberiver in the control sections located up and down stream are investigated, with the construction of water quality graphic models.
The features of carbon dioxide fields spatial structure in an atmosphere above territory of Ukraine are probed. On the basis of carbon dioxide general maintenance initial values matrices the matrices of average values for every season separately and for all of period of research were built. The fields of average values and the fields of mean quadratic deviations were built and researched. The cumulative values CO2 maintenance in atmosphere are got.
Дана территориально дифференцированная геоэкологическая оценка комфортности климата городов Беларуси и предложен прогнозный сценарий ее изменения в 2020 году. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в практике рационального природопользования Беларуси для принятия грамотных управленческих решений по оптимизации функционирования и развития урбанизированных территорий страны.
Определены индексы засух (нормированный индекс осадков) для территории Украины в 1950-2009 годы. Показано, что в отдельных областях юга и центра Украины произошло резкое увеличение количества месяцев с засухами. При помощи анализа разладки выявлено, что в 1960-80 и 1990-2000 годах произошли резкие изменения средней величины, причем над югом Украины со второй половины 1990-х годов имеет место тренд к увеличению количества и интенсивности засух.
Based upon test filtrations for one- and two-dimension arrays of the zonal wind component the influence of the features of the spectral window of the Lanczos filter over parameters of low- and high-frequency components for the spatio-temporal series involved is examined.
В статье показана возможность распознавания градовых и ливневых облаков по поляризационным параметрам эхо-сигналов.
The shortages of the existing calculation methods of the transition dates of the air temperature through determined levels are examined. The new method of their identification on base of the using Newton interpolation polynomials is offered. The dates of the transition of the air temperature through 0°, 5°, 10° and 15°C for standard climatological period 1961-1990 are calculated for 29 weather stations of the Ukraine.
The articles devoted to the main methodology problems, which can appear during researching of temperature anomalies in the big city, it uses analyzed the basic factors influencing on forming of urban heat island and determining its intensity, positive and negative consequences of urban heat island influence are characterized.
The situation with blocking high from July 9 to August 5, 2003 is considered. The Atmospheric energetics during this period is investigated. It is shown that there is a relationship between changes of energetics and evolution of blocking high.
The analysis of time series variability in crop yields of winter wheat in Ukraine. Were calculated trend lines yield method of harmonic balance, yield deviations from the trend line, the dynamics of trends in crop yields, and the evaluation of climate variability sredneoblastnyh crop yields.
Дается обоснование показателей для комплексной оценки и разномасштабного районирования ресурсов влаги в Украине. Приводятся алгоритм расчетов показателей условий увлажнения с учетом мезо- и микроклимата. Представлена оценка ресурсов влаги по относительному показателю увлажнения, который характеризует отношение запасов продуктивной влаги в метровом слое почвы к запасам влаги наименьшей влагоемкости (W̅/Wнв) в Украине в разрезе зон увлажнения в зависимости от макрорайона, подрайона, экспозиции склона и местоположение на склоне.
Представлены результаты численных экспериментов по оценке влияния засушливых, влажных и среднемноголетних условий на развитие популяции колорадского жука и формирование урожайности картофеля применительно к условиям Ровенской области. В основу численных экспериментов положена модель формирования урожайности картофеля и развития популяции колорадского жука при различных агрометеорологических условиях.
На основе теории колебаний предложена единая динамическая модель роста общей сухой биомассы, процессов фотосинтеза и дыхания растений для озимых и яровых форм. Учитываются критические температуры вымерзания озимых, минимальные, оптимальные и максимальные значения факторов внешней среды: прихода ФАР, температуры воздуха, влажности почвы. Основное различие яровых и озимых форм растений обеспечивается начальной фазой колебаний устойчивой составляющей логистической кривой роста общей сухой биомассы растений в онтогенезе.
Представлены результаты агроклиматического районирования пастбищных земель в пустынной зоне Казахстана для целей фитомелиорации, как составляющей современной системы кормопроизводства и управления пастбищами.
It is examined model PASTURE for describing the dynamics of the productivity of desert biocenoses. Model is а
component of the technology of the contemporary ecological monitoring of pastures on the base of aerospace
and ground-based information.
On the basis of the field experiments conformities to law of dynamics of biomass of organs of plants are set.
Regional assessment of bioclimatic forest-steppe regions potential in Ukraine has been made, also have comparative evaluation of using bioclimatic region potential efficiency related to maize cultivation has been made.
Scientifically-methodical problems of calculation of an annual drain norm of the Zakarpatye rivers are considered.
Based on updated statistics of population in the areas of Ukraine as of January 1, 2011., specific parameters population supply of water resources per person were clarified.
The mechanism of cryogenic runoff control is under study and its quantitative estimation under surcharge of various kinds of underlying surface is given on the example of water balance of small water catchment areas of the Upper Kolyma.
The scientifically-methodical problem of calculation maximal runoff description of floods and high waters from small watersheds are examined.
The method of base-line forecasts of dates of the begining and passing of maximum charges (levels) of spring flood on the rivers of Ukraine flat territory on the basis of meteorological forecast of temperature of air and at the regional generalization of parameters of forecasting chart for different on an area and geographical position of the basins is offered. Establishment of floods terms frequency repetition is foreseen in a long-term period.
Current system in western subtropical zone of Pacific ocean is examined. Relief of the bottom in region is very complicated – numerous islands, meridional underwater ridges are the cause of formation of few separate branches of currents. A strength of all current branches periodically changed, but periods or cycles of this oscillations are unstable. This natural phenomena is autooscillation consisting of the several links.
It is considered a spatial position, seasonal variability and intensity of the main flow and cyclonic circulation of the Black Sea waters along the axis of divergence, identified and selected according to the results of dynamical calculations of the climatic data set of temperature and salinity in surface and intermediate layers of the Black Sea. The important role of spring floods on the rivers of the NWBS in the development of the water circulation features was shown because of this river’s water and MBSC interaction with the periphery of the western and eastern cyclonic circulation. This process causes domination at the western part sea surface cyclone – in spring and at eastern – in summer and autumn. The flow rate and nature of seasonal migration cyclonic centers were estimated.
As a result of the analysis of mass conservation equation law for a river stream flowing out on a coast, its different two-dimensional approximations are received in descriptions of the width of this changing stream. These equations possess a novelty, therefore they require the attentive and multilateral analysis by other researchers having interest in the field of dynamics of the interaction between river and sea waters on a coast.