In the paper the surface distributions of mean error values, mean square deviation and dispersion of total ozone amount (TOA) state simulation over Europe as unsteady multimodal process in the period from 1979 yr. to 2006 yr. are viewed. Also the question on the optimal averaging square of satellite TOA data choose is discussed.
It is shown on the basis of results of experimental researches, that the changes of physical parameters of atmosphere as a result of influence on clouds by different reagents do not exceed those vibrations which test these parameters in environmental, not modified by influencing conditions. Estimation of changes of concentrations of reagents in an atmosphere and reservoirs is conducted. An amount additionally entered during influence on these areas of reagents on orders is less from maximum possible for different ecosystem concentrations (MPC). The scales of influences and quantitative values of dosage of reagents, that will be realized in our time, eliminate possibility of violation of ecological equilibrium in nature and can not cause the negative consequences for different ecosystem
The author of the article estimates and groups the administrative districts of Chernihiv Region according to the degree of agrarian loading and ecological stability of the soil against degradation. On the basis of comparison the given indicators grouping of the administrative districts was carried out to find out the priority of taking measures on optimization of agricultural production.
The speeds of wind are examined in a vegetable cover. New approximation is offered for a function z0рп / hрп which allows to define the roughness of vegetation in consideration of leaf area density. New formulas are found for the type of wind in a vegetation, which take into account the presence of roughness vegetable cover. The losses of energy of current of air are estimated by an exponential function which depends on the leaf area density.
The basic features of statistical structure of the fields of total maintenance of ozone (TOM) are exposed in the western sector of the South hemisphere. The main components of these fields were obtained. They gave possibility to reveal the important processes of the TOM fields formation in an atmosphere in the second half of XX century. The statistically meaningful hidden periodicity and trend constituents in the temporal rows of main component are defined.
Using statistical analysis of observables from the 38 stations for the second half of 20th century, the spatiotemporal features for changes of climatic field have been determined for surface atmospheric pressure at left-bank Ukraine.
The results of the computer experiments within new microsystems technology “Geomath” on modelling global mechanisms in atmosphere low frequency processes, estimating the Earth angle moment balance and teleconnection effects, and also the parameters of the USW radio-waveguides are presented.
The principle of construction of the polarizing antenna with emanator is considered in this article. Emanator of the antenna are four horns located on equator of sphere. The axes of horns are displaced rather each other on 90 degrees. The metal sphere is the main untying device.
In the paper method of computation of the total solar radiation is discussed. The method allows obtaining the term, daily and monthly values on the base of standard meteorological observation data. The maps of the spacetemporal distribution of monthly sums of total radiation are plotted for Odesa, Kherson and Mykolayv districts, and the monthly values of inclination angles of receiving surfaces, on which most of solar radiation are collected, are revealed. It is necessary to implement alternative energy sources, using solar energy.
Submitted by the mutual spectral analysis of surface air temperature stations in Antarctica to global climatic indices (Southern Oscillation and El Niño – Southern Oscillation). The mutual spectral analysis made it possible to determine the dependence of surface air temperature from the Southern Oscillation and El Niño-Southern Oscillation.
Statistical characteristics of quantity of cases of a heavy rain in territory of the Western Ukraine for the period 1992-2006 are calculated and analyzed, seasonal and annual variability of quantity of a heavy rain cases for definition of occurrence reasons of a heavy rains in the territory of the Western Ukraine is investigated.
The article is a review of basic performances of jobs of domestic authors on the study of influencing of sun activity on the climatic processes.
Sensible and latent heat fluxes within a convective cell behind a cold front are studied in a high resolution model. The mask approach allows us to obtain quantitative estimations of heat and mass transport in the vertical direction governed by the convective circulation. Layers of the generation, intensification and decay of ascending motions are outlined. A return circulation with descending motions in the model is considered and amount of heat transport from the low to middle troposphere is evaluated.
The design formula for available potential energy (APE) is adapted for high resolution data of regional atmosphere modeling. For several cases of severe cold front passing the distribution of total about area and local mesoscale APE is obtained.
The complex dynamic model of forming of amount of harvest and quality of garden-stuffs of some vegetable cultures, which takes into account the features of forming of vegetative and reproductive organs, waves of growth of garden-stuffs and accumulation in them sugar is offered.
The questions of growth and development of organs of plant and all organism on the whole are examined. It is offered a new theoretical approach of computation of growth functions of period of vegetative growth of plants, based on the swaying processes of dry mass of organs in the flow of ontogenesis of plant. In the basis of addition of vibrations lies a linear transformation of temporal axis and principle of superposition. It was obtained and tested growth functions of period of vegetative growth of sunflower organs. It was offered the temporal parameters of theoretical method of computation as growth functions of sunflower.
In work the influence of different terms of sowing on growth, development and forming of productivity of sugar beet is examined. Comparative quantitative estimation on photosynthetic activity of plants in sowing and duration of basic interphase periods at a sugar beet is given.
It is considered a mathematical model for monitoring moisture conditions of agricultural land. The model quantifies the influence of soil moisture conditions on the productivity of winter wheat and corn for grain in the Odessa region.
It is shown the dynamics of growth of millet leaves surface after the interphase periods of plants developments. Clean productivity of photosynthesis of plants of millet was determined after the interphase periods of development. By experimental researches definite dependence the productivity of photosynthesis of plants millet on the sizes of leaves surface.
On a basis Data clustering of long-term distribution of a river runoff division into districts of basin of the top Dnestr is offered. At division into districts it is allocated five hydrological areas which can be considered, how detailed elaboration of the offered before hydrological and landscape-hydrological areas.
The offered method of territorial long-term forecasts of characteristics of spring flood with its spatial representation in the form of map for the expected module coefficients of the flood and their probabilistic estimation will make it possible for the basin r.Seversky Donets in the on-line mode to make the forecast of spring flood (at forecast lead time of 20-40 days) at the departments of the hydrometeorological service.
In this work there were analyzed conformities of temporal and spatial variations of annual runoff in river of Ukrain and basic indices of climatic changes such as annual precipitation and atmospheric temperature. There was implemented a comparative estimation of temporal changes of basic climatic factors and annual runoff.
Results of work are directed on studying of elasticity of natural marsh vegetation. Results of field experiments for a reed ordinary are resulted. Dependence for definition of an arrow of a deflection from a point of application of force, size of loading, diameter and a condition of plants is offered.
The recommendations of strategy of development of scales of global warming-up by WMO scenarios are presented.
On results pin expeditionary and satellite supervisions the processes are considered and the basic factors of dynamic cooperation of waters of shelf and high sea are separated in rearward part of a weather whirlwind of north-western part of mainland slope of Black sea.
The quadrant analysis of the deformation is considered as inalienable part of the statistical method expounded in the author’s previous articles. Efficiency of this method at the analysis of certain sides of sea-bottom deformation mechanism is shown: statistical homogeneity, synchronism of sea-bottom accumulation and washout processes in various time scales and parts of the experimental area. Estimation of appropriateness of mathematical modelling of the deformation process is given.
Using re-analysis of NCEP/NCAR for 1950-2008 and global anomalies of sea surface temperature and sea level atmospheric pressure for 1856-2008 (Kaplan’s data sets) the features of the Pacific hydrometeorological fields in connection with El Nino events of different types are considered.
A method of component analysis is applied to the fields of sea ice of arctic of general concentration, it is shown that the sizes of first two own values amount more than 80% of total dispersion of field. Field of first main components was exposed of influent in the Arctic pool of waters on the dynamics of sea ice. Field of second main components, reflects influencing the more warm air masses, coming in the given area from the low latitudes. Influencing a flow is exposed Gulf-stream on all Arctic Ocean.
Quantitative estimation of expected resources, operational reserves and balance of drinking and mineral waters has been done. The data on the balance reserves of curative mud and their role in formations of natural recreational potential of Odessa region have showed.
The analysis of functioning of the systems of the radiation monitoring on the atomic power station of Ukraine is executed. Information about similar systems operating in other countries is analysed. Intercommunication of energy tension of territories and controlled areas is appraised.
The features of spatial structure of the fields of nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere of the European region are investigated. On the basis of matrices of initial values of general maintenance of nitrogen oxides the matrices of average values were built. The fields of average values were built and researched. Found out the sentinel dynamics of general maintenance of nitrogen oxides and the attempt of explanation of it seasonal character is done.
The new forms of approximations of universal functions of change of wind and type of temperature of air and
their integral forms are offered. Results are compared to similar dependences of other authors.
On the basis of spectral analysis intercommunication is exposed between North Atlantic and temperature of air,
precipitation, by the ground pressure on territory of left-bank Ukraine in the second half of 20-ty century.
A theorem is proved about solidity of decision of differential equation of turbulent diffusion for the estimation of function of q(t,x,y,z) of the temporal and spatial distributing of harmful matters in the district of action of any continuously operating sources, meeting conditions of theorem. A decision is presented equation which is adopted the “formula of SVT”. The formula of SVT contains all spatial co-ordinates, constituents of vector of speed of wind and tensor of turbulent tension, takes into account taking in properties of surface and speed of besieging of particles of harmful matters.
The paper is devoted to the modeling of light waves propagation in photonic crystal waveguides. For simplicity the modeling is applied in two- dimensional space. For better visualization and generality the modeling results are presented in normalized units.
Changes of climatic and bioclimatic indices in the Ukrainian Carpathians during seventy and thirty years are considered in the work. This time interval is divided into two periods – 1891 – 1960 and 1961 – 1990. The average perennial meteorological data comparison in the both of them allows to make conclusions about the sign and magnitude of trends of climatic indices and bioclimatic as well for the whole time of survey. Their changes were analyzed in accordance with methodological recommendations, developed by The General Geophysical Observatory of the Russian Federal service.
The synoptical processes favourable for the sea level as dangerous event at Mariupol port are determined. It is shown that these events are mainly observed at the southern periphery of blocking anticyclone and at the southwest part of cyclone. The link between changes of North Atlantic Oscillation phases and sea-level rise at Mariupol port occurs at synoptical time scales.
The analysis of seasonal variability of fields of factors of correlation between the general unity of sea ice of the Arctic pool and an index Gulf Stream is carried out. Return correlation dependence is revealed. Only in August, October and November significant factors of correlation on all fields of the Arctic pool with strongly pronounced maxima are observed. Zones of the maximum factors of correlation are located in areas with the big depths – the Greenland hollow, Amundsen’s hollow, the Canadian hollow, and also in areas anticyclonic and cyclonic circulations.
It is demonstrated peculiarities of the large-scale components of circulation processes changeability of atmosphere in the second half of the ХХ century. The statistically marked degree periodicities in the trend components of the time series of main components of the pressure fields were obtained. Meaningful intercommunications between large-scale parameters of atmospheric processes in the western sector of the South hemisphere and Wolf’s numbers were defined.
The prevailing types of synoptic processes over Eastern Ukraine are characterized. The season specialties of them are investigated. The catalog of types of synoptic processes are completed.
It is shown the results of studies of the influence of weather conditions on Pelisse protein content in grain of winter wheat. It is got the statistical dependence of protein content with the basic agrometeorological factors.
In work the questions of development and growth of agricultural cultures are examined. It is offered methods of computation of biological events: «sowing», «shoots», «book-mark of reproductive organ», «flowering», «ripening». Dynamic computation of growth of organism of plant and his organs depending on tension of factors of external environment is offered. It is revised and simplified the dynamic system of growth of organs of plant, that on the whole makes the dynamic model of development and growth of plant.
In the work it is examined the influence of agrometeorological terms on forming of productivity of sugar beet at
different terms of sowing. Comparative quantitative estimation is given to photosynthetic activity of plants in
sowing and productivity of sugar beet at different agrometeorological terms.
The results of numeral experiments of light, warmth and moisture influences on the accumulation of separate plant organs biomass and the formation of the yield as a whole considering Cherkas region conditions are set up
On the basis of the field experiments the conformities to the law of dynamics of biomasses of organs of plants of millet are set
The variant of calculation method for setting of norms of descriptions of maximal runoff of spring flood is grounded in the article.
The results of modelling of surface runoff, washing off of soil, transport and deposition of alluviums within the
limits of Nikolaevka small flat-bottom valley watershed (south of the Odessa region) with usage of the Limburg
Soil Erosion Model (LISEM) are presented. The problem of the sediment delivery ratio estimation is considered.
It is shown, that the sediment delivery ratio changes not only with the change of area of watershed but also
depending on probability of thundershower, which formed runoff.
It is carried out modelling characteristics of extremely high discharges (r. Danube) and fluctuative temporal
trends for mean monthly discharges within a new method of description for the hydrological systems. The latter
is based on the combining multi-factor systems approach and multi-fractal formalism. It is calculated a
spectrum of fractal dimensions.
In the article it was given the results of modeling of salt balances of Kitay Lake.
Schematic maps of flow distribution of sediment yields on the rivers of basin of the overhead Dnestr for the
different periods since 1972 on 2007 are made. Decrease of a sediment yields almost on all rivers of basin, as in
low hydraulicity, and high Is revealed.
In the article, on the example of information on the maximal flow of spring flood of the rivers of north of the
Tyumenskaya area, conforming to the requirements is analyzed, by the produced modern normative documents
to initial information on runoff.
The article highlights the current state of water metering in water-distribution system of Odessa region, prospects and proposals for its improvement.
For definition of probability of influence of systematic factor on formation a surface water’s chemical compound
of basin of the river Tisa the method of the one-factorial dispersive analysis is used in this article.
The modern hydrochemical mode and ecological state of the river Baraboy is analyzed in the article. It is set, that the modern level of economic development influences substantially on hydrochemical indexes and ecological state of basin of river Baraboy.
Based on monitoring of the north-western Black Sea the estimation of interannual variations in the degree of eutrophication of the Odessa region in terms of index E-TRIX. Tended to improve water quality and lowering their trophic to the average level. The results of interannual and intra changes in abiotic and biotic characteristics of water eutrophication of the area studied. For some winter shooting assess the spatial distribution of index E-TRIX.
A tool for calculation of streams of solar energy for overwater and underwater parts of hydrotechnical
constructions is presented. Temporal discreteness of calculations is one minute for a concrete day of the year
and one day for whole year. Entrance data: date, latitude, orientation of the surface according to any azimuth
and any declination to the horizon. The refraction and reflection of solar beams at the air−water boundary, the
beam deamplification due to the path length in the atmosphere according to its not ideal transparence is taken
into account. A method of the account of cloudiness is shown.
The article is a review of basic performances of jobs of domestic authors on the study of hydro-meteorological
characteristics of Odessa-region of north-west path of Black sea.
Dependences are studied on the season of periods of the most powerful fashions of spectrums of interannual
changeability of values of major climatic indexes. The differences of general features of spectrums of large-scale
processes are educed in the Северо-атлантическом region in relation to processes in the Pacific region and
by El Ниньо related to the phenomenon – South oscillation.